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Various guesses at south Florida Indian populations
Source: Early History of the Creek Indians and Their Neighbors #121
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From southern Florida we have only the most general statements. All agree that the most populous tribe by far was the Calusa, and several say that the Ais were the most numerous of all on the Atlantic seaboard. But in details there is no approximation to uniformity. Thus one writer states that there were more than 70 Calusa towns,1 and another "more than 600," not including tributaries.1 In any case these "towns" were nothing more than small hunting and fishing camps, the south Florida Indians not having been addicted to agriculture. In another place I have given a list of 56 Calusa towns with their names.2 An expedition sent into the Calusa country in 1680 passed through five villages said to have a total population of 960. From about this time on the population would probably show a steady decline had we the means of registering it. (Swanton)
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