A Discourse concerning the designed Establishment of a New Colony to the south of Carolina

A Discourse Concerning the design'd ESTABLISHMENT Of a New COLONY TO THE South of Carolina, IN THE Most delightful Country of the Universe. By Sir Robert Mountgomry, Baronet. LONDON: Printed ia the Year 1717. P. Force, Washington, 1835. DISCOURSE. IT will perhaps afford some Satisfaction to the Gentlemen of Carolina, to know, that my Design arises not from any sudden Motive, but a strong Bent of Genius I inherit from my Ancestors: One of whom was among those Knights of Nova Scotia purposely created near a hundred Years ago, for settling a Scots Colony in America. But the Conquest of that Country by the French prevented his Design, and so it lies on his Posterity to make good his Intentions for the Service of their Country. The Humour however Descended, and ran down with the Blood: For my Father was so far of this Opinion, that, together with Lord Cardross the late Earl of Buchan, and some other Gentlemen, he enter'd into Measures for Establishing a Settlement on Port-Royal River in South-Carolina, and Lord Cardross went thither in Person; but the Spaniards dislodg'd them, and destroy'd the Plantation: Advantage being taken of some Confusions, which arose through the want of full Powers, and distinct Jurisdiction. The charming Descriptions, which on this last Occasion, I met with, of the natural Sweetness, and Beauties, of Carolina, inspir'd me with an early Affection to that Place, in particular. But the Wars intervening, and calling for my Sword, in the more immediate Service of my Country, gave me no Opportunity to put in Practice certain Schemes which occur'd, effectually forming a Settlement there, till just now; when together with some of my Friends, who unite their Endeavours with mine, I am like, by continuance of the Indian Disturbances, to enjoy my own Wish, with the Additional Pleasure of being useful to the Province. Tho' our Design does not altogether depend on the Subscription of Purchasers, herein propos'd, yet our own Stock so encreas'd will be made more effectual, and we shall give at the same Time an Opportunity to many of Sharing in our Benefits, who cou'd not be otherwise concern'd in the Undertaking. If therefore, the Offer, which we make, shall meet with Encouragement, 4 'twill, by Dividing our Burthen, somewhat lighten it; If it fails, 'twill no further Disappoint us, than as it leaves us to do That alone, which might better, be done with the expected Assistance. R. Mountgomry. Of the Motives, and Foundation of the Undertaking. PLANTATIONS of new Countries, says the Great Lord Bacon, are among the Primitive, and most Heroick Works of Man. They are meritorious in a double Sense; Religiously, as they illuminate the Souls of Heathens through the Darkness of their Ignorance, and Politically, as they strengthen, the Dominion, which sends out the Colony, and wonderfully more than any other Means enrich the Undertakers. But as such Attempts are Great, so also are they Dangerous. One early Caution easily secures their future Benefits; one little Error in Foundation overthrows the Building. It is to a Defect in setting out, that all our noble Colonies upon the Western Continent have ow'd their Disappointments; To a want of due Precaution in their Forms of Settling, or rather, to their settling without any Form at all: The Planters grasp'd at an undue Extent of Land, exceeding their Capacity to manage, or defend: This scatter'd them to Distances unsafe, and solitary, so that, living in a Wilderness, incapable of mutual Aid, the necessary Artizans found no Encouragement to dwell among them; Their Woods remain'd unclear'd; their Fens undrain'd; The Air by that Means prov'd unhealthy, and the Roads impassable; For want of Towns, and Places of Defense, they suddenly became a Prey to all Invaders even the Indians took Advantage of the Oversight; and Carolina, is, at present, under a most bloody Persecution, from a wild and despicable Kind of Enemy, who had not dar'd to think of the Attempt, but from an Observation daily made, how open and unguarded they might take the English. From these Examples, and the Neighbourhood of the intended Settlement to Carolina thus distress'd, our future Eden. made early wise by Dangers, which she feels not, would not only fix her Foot upon a firm Foundation, so as to resist a Storm Herself, but she wou'd also spread her Wings to a Capacity of Shadowing Others: A British Colony, shou'd like the Roman, carry with it always something of the Mother's Glory. Excited therefore, by an earnest Inclination to establish such a Settlement, as may, by new Means, yield new Benefits, as well in Wealth, as Safety, and resolving to proceed upon a Scheme 5 entirely different from any hitherto attempted, and which appears to promise great, and inexpressible Advantages; the Grant on which we found the Undertaking, will be seen in the following Abstract. “ THE underwritten Palatine and Lords Proprietors of the “Province of Carolina, do on the Considerations herein “after mention'd, grant, sell, alien, release, and confirm to Sir “ Robert Mountgomry, Baronet, his Heirs, and Assigns, for “ever, all that Tract of Land, which lies between the Rivers “ Allatamaha, and Savanna, together with the Islands, Ports, “Harbours, Bays, and Rivers on that Part of the Coast, which “lies between the Mouths of the said two Rivers to the Seaward; “and moreover all Veins, Mines, and Quarries of Gold, “and Silver, and all other whatever, be they of Stones, Metals “or any other Things found, or to be found within that Tract “of Land, and the Limits aforesaid; With Liberty over and “above to make Settlements on the South Side of Allatamaha “ River, which Tract of Land the said underwritten Lords do “erect into a distinct Province, with proper Jurisdictions, Priviledges, “Prerogatives, and Franchises, Independent of, and “not Subject to the Laws of South Carolina, to be holden of “the said Lords by Sir Robert, his heirs, and Assigns for ever, “under the Name and Title of the Margravate of Azilia; at “and under the yearly Quitrent of one Penny Sterling per “Acre, or its Value in Goods, or Merchandise, as the Land “shall be occupied, taken up, or run out; Payable yearly to the “Lords Proprietors Officers at Charles-Town, but such Payment “not to commence, till three Years after Arrival of the “first Ships there, which shall, be sent over to begin the Settlement; “over and above which Penny per Acre, Sir Robert, “his Heirs, and Assigns, shall also yield, and pay to the Lords “Proprietors, one fourth Part of all Gold, or Silver Oar, besides “the Quota reserv'd to the Crown out of the said Royal “Minerals: Distinct Courts of Judicature to be erected, and “such Laws enacted within the Margravate, by and with the “Advice, Assent, and Approbation of the Freemen thereof in “Publick Assembly, as shall be most conducive to the Utility “of the said Margravate, and as near as may be conveniently “agreeable to the Laws, and Customs of England, but so as “such Laws do not extend to lay Duties or Custom, or other “Obstruction upon the Navigation of either of the said Rivers, “by any Inhabitant of South, or North Carolina, or their free “Commerce and Trade with the Indian Nations, either within, “or to the Southward of the Margravate, Sir Robert consenting “that the same Duty shall be charg'd on Skins within the “ Margravate, which at this Time stands charg'd on such Skins “in South Carolina, and appropriated to the Maintenance of 6 “the Clergy there, so long as that Duty is continued in “ South Carolina, but the said Duty shall not be encreas'd in Azilia, “tho' the Assembly of South Carolina shou'd think fit to en“crease it there, nor shall it longer continue to be paid, than “while it shall remain appropriated, as at present, to the Maintenance “of the Clergy only: In Consideration of all which “Powers, Rights, Priviledges, Prerogatives, and Franchises, Sir “ Robert shall Transport at his own Expence, a considerable “Number of Families with all Necessaries for making a new “Settlement in the said Tract of Land, and in Case it be “neglected for the Space of three Years from the Date of this “Grant, The then Grant shall become void, any Thing herein “contain'd to the contrary notwithstanding. Dated June the “Nineteenth, 1717. Cartaret, Palatine. Ja. Bertie for the Duke of Beaufort. M. Ashley. John Colleton, &c. A Description of the Country. IT lies about the 31 st and 32 d Degree of Northern Latitude, is bounded Eastward by the great Atlantick Sea, To the West by a Part of the Apalachian Mountains, and to the North and South by the two great Rivers, mention'd in the Grant. In the Maps of North America it may be taken Notice of, how well this Country lies for Trade with all our Colonies, and in Regard to every other Prospect, which can make a Situation healthy, profitable, lovely, and inviting; Florida, of which it is a Part, receiv'd that Name from its delightful, florid, and agreeable Appearance. It has been commonly observ'd, that gay Descriptions of new Countries raise a Doubt of their Sincerity. Men are apt to think the Picture drawn beyond the Life, to serve the Interest of the Representer: To shun the Prejudice of this Opinion, whatever shall be said upon the Subject here, is all extracted from our English Writers, who are very numerous, and universally agree, that Carolina, and especially in its Southern Bounds, is the most amiable Country of the Universe; That Nature has not bless'd the World with any Tract, which can he preferable to it, that Paradise with all her Virgin Beauties, may be modestly suppos'd at most but equal to its Native Excellencies. It lies in the same Latitude with Palestine Herself, That promis'd Canaan, which was pointed out by God's own Choice, to bless the Labours of a favourite People; It abounds with Rivers, Woods, and Meadows. Its gentle Hills are full of Mines. 7 Lead, Copper, Iron, and even some of Silver; 'Tis beautiful with odoriferous Plants, green all the Year. Pine, Cedar, Cypress, Oak, Elm, Ash, or Walnut, with innumerable other Sorts. both Fruit or Timber Trees grow every where so pleasantly that tho' they meet at Top, and shade the Traveller, they are, at the same Time, so distant in their Bodies, and so free from Underwood, or Bushes, that the Deer, and other Game, which feed in Droves along these Forests, may be often seen near half a Mile between them. The Air is healthy, and the Soil in general fruitful, and of infinite Variety; Vines, naturally flourishing upon the Hills, bear Grapes in most luxuriant Plenty. They have every Growth. which we possess in England, and almost every Thing that England wants besides. The Orange, and the Limon thrive in the same common Orchard with the Apple, and the Pear- Tree, Plumbs, Peaches, Apricots, and Nectarins, bear from Stones in three Years growing. The Planters raise large Orchards of these Fruits to feed their Hogs with; Wheat Ears have been measur'd there seven Inches long, and they have Barly, Beans, Pease, Rice, and all our Grains, Roots, Herbs, and Flowers not to speak of Numbers of their own, which we can find no Names for; Beef, Mutton, Pork, Tame Poultry, Wild Fowl, Sea and River Fish, are all there Plentiful, and most at lower Rates, than in the cheapest Pans of Wales, or Scotland. The many Lakes, and pretty Rivulets throughout the Province, breed a Multitude of Geese, and other Water Fowl; The Air is found so temperate, and the Seasons of the Year so very regular, that there is no Excess of Heat, or Cold, nor any sudden Alterations in the Weather; The River Banks are cover'd with a strange Variety of lovely Trees, which being always green, present a thousand Landskips to the Eye, so fine, and so diversified, that the Sight is entirely charm'd with them; the Ground lies sloping towards the Rivers, but, at a Distance rises gradually, and intermingles like Hills of Wood with fruitful Plains, all cover'd over with wild Flowers, and not a Tree to interrupt the Prospect: Nor is this tempting Country yet inhabited, except those Parts in the Possession of the English, unless by here and there a Tribe of wandering Indians, wild and ignorant, all artless, and uncultivated, as the Soil, which fosters them. Of the Form propos'd in Settling. OUR Meaning here relates to what immediate Measures will be taken, for Security against the Insults of the Natives, during the Infancy of our Affairs; To which End we shall not 8 satisfie ourselves with building here and there a Fort, the fatal Practice of America, but so dispose the Habitations, and Divisions of the Land, that not alone our Houses, but whatever we possess, will be enclos'd by Military Lines, impregnable against the Savages, and which will make our whole Plantation one continued Fortress. It need not be suppos'd, that all the Lands will thus be fortified at once; The first Lines drawn will be in just Proportion to the Number of Men they enclose; As the Inhabitants encrease, New Lines will be made to enclose them also, so that all the People will be always safe within a well defended Lime of Circumvallation. The Reader will allow, it is not necessary, that these Retrenchments be of Bulk, like those of Europe; small Defence is strong against the poor unskilful Natives of America; They have accomplish'd all their bloody Mischiefs by Surprizes, and Incursions, but durst never think of a Defyance to Artillery. The Massacres, and frequent Ruins, which have fallen upon some English Settlements for want of this one Caution, have sufficiently instructed us, that Strength, producing Safety, is the Point, which shou'd be chiefly weigh'd in such Attempts as these; Solon had Reason when he said to Cræfus, looking on his Treasure—, You are rich indeed, and so far you are mighty; But if any Man shou'd come with sharper steel then Yours, how easily will he be made the Master of your Gold? At the Arrival therefore of the first Men carried over, proper Officers shall mark, and cause to be entrench'd a Square of Land, in just Proportion to their Number; On the Outsides of this Square, within the little Bastions, or Redoubts of the Entrenchment, they raise light Timber Dwellings, cutting down the Trees, which every where encompass them: The Officers are quartered with the Men, whom they command, and the Governour in Chief is plac'd exactly in the Center: By these means the labouring People (being so dispos'd, as to be always watchful of an Enemies Approach) are themselves within the Eye of those, set over them, and All together under the Inspection of their Principal. The Redoubts may be near enough to defend Each other with Musquets, but Field Pieces, and Patarero's will be planted upon Each, kept charged with Cartridge shot, and Pieces of old Iron; Within these Redoubts are the Common Dwellings of the Men who must defend them; Between them runs a Palisadoe'd Bank, and a Ditch, which will be Scour'd by the Artillery. One Man in Each Redoubt kept Night and Day, upon the Guard, will give Mann upon Occasion to the others at their Work. So they cultivate their Lands, Secure their Cattle, and follow their 9 Business with great Ease, and Safety. Exactly in the Centre of the inmost Square will be a Fort, defended by large Cannon, pointing Every way, and capable of making strong Resistance, in Case some Quarter of the outward Lines shou'd chance to be surpriz'd, by any sudden Accident, which yet with tolerable Care wou'd be impracticable. The Nature of this Scheme, when weigh'd against the Ignorance, and wildness of the Natives, will shew, that Men thus settled, may at once defend, and cultivate a Territory, with the utmost Satisfaction, and Security, even in the Heart of an Indian Country, Then how much rather in a Place considerably distant from the Savage Settlements. As the Numbers shall encrease, and they go on to clear more Space of Land, they are to regulate their Settlements with like Regard to Safety, and Improvement: And indeed the Difference, as to Time, and Labour, is not near so great as may be thought, betwixt enclosing Land this Way, and following the dangerous common Method; But what is here already said will serve the End, for which it has been written, which was only to give a general Notion of the Care and Caution we propose to act with. It will not, however, be amiss, as you have seen the first rude Form of our Azilia in her Infancy, to view her also in the Fulness of her Beauty; And to that End we have affix'd a Plan of one whole District, clear'd, planted, and inhabited; For as the Country thrives, all future Townships will be form'd according to this Plan, and measur'd out as near Each other as the Rivers, Hills, and other natural Impediments will any way admit of. But least it shou'd be fear'd from the Correctness of this Model, that twill be a Work of too great Difficulty, and require a mighty Length of Time to bring it to perfection, we think it proper to declare, that Purchasers will not be obliged to wait this Form of Settlement, but are entitled to the immediate Profits of peculiar Lands, assign'd them, from the very first Arrival of the Colony; which Lands, being set apart for that Purpose, will be strongly enclos'd, and defended by the Lines, or Entrenchments before mention'd. Neither wou'd we have it thought a Labour so tedious, as 'tis generally fancy'd, to establish in this manner a Colony, which may become not only an Advantage, but a Glory to the Nation: We have Prospects before us most attractive, and unprecedented, in the three tempting Points Wealth, Safety, and Liberty: Benefits, like these, can never fail of drawing Numbers of Inhabitants from Every Corner: And, Men once got together, 'tis as easy to dispose them regularly, and with due Regard to Order, Beauty, and the Comforts of Society, as to leave them to the Folly of B 10 fixing at Random, and destroying their Interest by indulging their Humour; So that we have more than ordinary Cause to expect, that in a very short Time, we shall be able to present the solid Life its self, as now we give the Shadow only, in the following Explanation. You must suppose a level, dry, and fruitful Tract of Land, in some fine Plain or Valley, containing a just Square of twenty Miles Each Way, or two hundred and fifty six thousand Acres, laid out, and settled, in the Form, presented, in the Cut annex'd. The District is defended by sufficient Numbers of Men, who, dwelling in the fortified Angles of the Line, will be employ'd in cultivating Lands, which are kept in Hand for the particular advantage of the Margrave; These Lands surround the District just within the Lines, and every where contain in Breadth one Mile exactly. The Men, thus employ'd, are such, as shall be hir'd in Great Britain or Ireland, well disciplin'd, arm'd, and carried over, on Condition to serve faithfully for such a Term of Years, as they before shall agree to; And, that no Man may be wretched in so happy a Country, at the Expiration of those Peoples Time; besides some other considerable, and unusual Incouragements, all such, among them, who shall marry in the Country, or come married thither, shall have a Right of laying claim to a certain Fee-Farm, or Quantity of Land, ready clear'd, together with a House built upon it, and a stock sufficient to improve, and cultivate it, which they shall enjoy, Rent, and Tax free, during Life, as a Reward for their Services; By which Means two very great Advantages must naturally follow; Poor labouring Men, so secur'd of a fix'd future Settlement, will be thereby induc'd to go thither more willingly; and act, when there, with double Dilligence, and Duty; And when their Time expires, possessing just Land enough to pass their Lives at Ease, and bring their Children up honestly, the Families they leave will prove a constant Seminary of sober Servants, of Both Sexes, for the Gentry of the Colony; whereby they will be under no necessity to use the Dangerous Help of Blackamoors, or Indians; The Lands set apart for this Purpose, are two Miles in Breadth, quite round the District, and lie next within the Margraves own reserv'd Lands abovemention'd. The 116 Squares, Each of which has a House in the Middle, are. Every one a Mile on Each Side, or 640 Acres in a Square, bating only for the High Ways, which divide them; These are the Estates, belonging to the Gentry of the District, who, being so confin'd to an Equality in Land, will be profitably Emulous of out doing Each other in Improvement, since that is the only 11 way, left them to grow richer than their Neighbours; And when the Margravate is once become strong enough to form many Districts, the Estates will be all given gratis, together with many other benefits, to honest and qualified Gentlemen in Great Britain, or elsewhere, who having Numerous and well-educated Families, possess but little Fortunes, other than their Industry; and will therefore be chosen to enjoy these Advantages, which they shall pay no Rent, or other Consideration for; and yet the Undertaking will not fail to find its own Account in their Prosperity. The four great Parks, or rather Forrests, are Each four Miles Square, that is 16 Miles round each Forrest, in which are propagated Herds of Cattle of all Sorts by themselves, not alone to serve the uses of the District, they belong to, but to store such New Ones, as may from Time to Time be measur'd out, on Affluence of People. The Middle hollow Square, which is full of Streets crossing each other, is the City, And the Bank, which runs about it, on the out-side surrounded with Trees, is a large void Space, which will be useful for a thousand Purposes, and, among the rest, as being airy, and affording a fine Prospect of the Town in Drawing near it. In the Center of the City stands the Margraves House, which is to be his constant Residence, or the Residence of the Governour, and contains all sorts of publick Edifices for Dispatch of Business; and this again is separated from the City by a Space, like that, which, as above, divides the Town from the Country. Of some Designs in View for making Profit. OUR Prospects in this Point, are more entensive than we think it needful to discover; It were a Shame shou'd we confine the Fruitfulness of such a rich and lovely Country to some single Product, which Example first makes common, and the being common robs of Benefit. Thus Sugar in Barbadoes, Rice in Carolina, and Tobacco in Virginia, take up all the Labours of their People, overstock the Markets, stifle the Demand, and make their Industry their Ruin, merely through a Want of due Reflection on Diversity of other Products, equally adapted to their Soil and Climate. Coffee, Tea, Figs, Raisins, Currants, Almonds, Olives, Silk, Wine, Cochineal, and great Variety of still more rich Commodities, which we are forc'd to buy at mighty Rates from Countries, lying in the very Latitude of our Plantations: All these we certainly shall Propagate tho' it may Perhaps be said, that they are yet but distant Views mean while, we shall confine our first 12 Endeavours to such easy Benefits, as will (without the smallest waiting for the Growth of Plants) be offer'd to our Industry, from the spontaneous Wealth, which overruns the Country. The Reader may assure himself, our Undertakings upon all Occasions, will be the plainest, and most ready Roads to Profit; not form'd from doubtful, and untried Conceits, nor hamper'd by a Train of Difficulties; none are more apt than we to disregard Chimerical, or rash Designs; but 'tis the Business of Men's Judgment to divide Things plain from Things unlikely. We cannot think it proper to be too particular upon this Subject, nor will it, we suppose, be expected from us: One Example, however, we will give, because we wou'd present a Proof, that much is practicable there, which has not yet been put in Practice; we shall Pitch on Pot-ash, a Commodity of great Consumption in the Trades of Dying, Glass-making, Soap-boiling and some others; not that this is the only present Prospect which we build on, but as 'tis necessary we shou'd particularize one Benefit, that others may be credible. And here it will not be amiss, if we describe what Pot-ash is, and how they make it; since, 'tis likely, some may have attempted it already, in the Forests of America, and miscarried, by depending upon ignorant Undertakers. It is not very properly indeed call'd Pot-ash, not being any kind of Ashes, but the fix'd, and vegetable Salt of Ashes, which, if mix'd with Water, melts away, and turns to Lye; For this Reason 'tis preferr'd to all other Lixiviate Ashes, Foreign, or Domestick, which, not being perfect Salts, but Ashes of Bean-Straw, and other Vegetables, made stronger by the Help of Lye, bear no Proportion, as to Price, with Pot-ash itself, which is, as we said before, the pure Salt without any of the Ashes. To procure this Salt, in Russia, and the Countries famous for it, they burn great Quantities of Oak, Firr, Birch, and other Woods, cut down, when flourishing, and full of Sap; The Ashes they throw into Boilers, or huge Caldrons full of Water, and extract a thick, sharp Lye by boiling; They let this Lye grow clear by settling, and then draw it off, and throw away the Ashes left at Bottom. This Lye, so clarified, they boil again, and as the Warty Part evaporates apace, they supply the Waste thro' a small Pipe, from another Vessel of the same Sort of Lye, set higher than the Boiler; At last, by a continued Evaporation, the whole Vessel becomes full of a thick brownish Salt, which being dug out in Lumps, and afterwards calcin'd, compleats the Work, and gives a Colour to the Pot-ash, like a whitish Blue, in which Condition it is barrell'd up, and fit for Merchants. Nothing can be plainer, or more easy than this Practice in our 13 intended Settlement; As to the Boilers, which have ever been the great, and terrifying Expence and Encumbrance of this Work, we shall extreamly lessen, and reduce that Charge almost to nothing, by some new Methods, being an experienc'd Invention, wherein we use neither Copper, Lead, Iron, nor other Mineral whatsoever, and (that excepted) there is no Material necessary, but Wood only; For Wood cut down, and burnt upon the Ground, affords the Ashes; The Rivers every where abounding in that Country furnish Water; Ashes, and Water boil'd together, yield the Lye; The Lye evaporated, leaves behind the Salt, and that very Salt calcin'd, becomes the Pot-ash, and it is pack'd, and sent away in Barrels, made and hoop'd there also. From due Consideration of these Circumstances, it appears, that this must be a rich, and gainful Undertaking in a Country where the greatest Quantities of Timber, and the finest in the World, cost nothing but the Pains of cutting down, and burning, on the Banks of Navigable Rivers; where the enlivening influence of the Sun prepares the Trees much better for this Practice, than in colder Climate, and where stubbing up the Woods, which cover all the Settlement, will give a sure, and double Benefit; for first they yield this valuable Traffick Potash, and afterwards leave clear the Ground, they grow on, for producing yearly Crops of such Commodities, as are most profitable, and fittest for the Country. Thus, having faintly touch'd the outward Lines, and given some Prospect of our Purpose, we proceed to the Conditions, upon which we will admit of Purchasers. The PROPOSAL. NOTE that, for the Purchasers Security, and effectually making good their Claims, as well to the Land, which they shall buy, as to all the other Benefits propos'd in the following Articles, The whole Country, and its Improvements in all Times to come, is settled as a Mortgage and made liable in manner, as here under recited, in which such unusual, and equitable Regard has been had, for avoiding all Charge, or Delay, in Respect to the Distance of Countries, and the Difficulties, which might thence be suspected to arise, in obtaining Satisfaction by the ordinary Course of the Laws, that nothing Form, or Expence will be necessary; but, on the first Breach of Covenant, an Easy and immediate Possession may be taken of the forfeited Province, and for ever maintain'd against all kind of Pleas or Pretences for the use of the Purchasers. And, that perpetual and unobjectionable Testimony may remain, for the more absolute securing the 14 Rights of the Purchasers, the following Deed, together with the Articles themselves, stands enrolled in the High Court of Chancery. TO All to whom these Presents shall come I Robert Mountgomry of Skelmorley in the Sheridom of Aire in North-Britain Baronet send Greeting. Whereas His Excellency the Lord Carteret Palatine, and the Rest of the true and absolute Lords Proprietors of the Province of Carolina in America have by their Grant, bearing Date the Nineteenth Day of June last, bargain'd, sold, alien'd, releas'd, enfeoff'd, and confirm'd to Me the abovemention'd Sir Robert Mountgomry, my Heirs, and Assigns, all that Tract of Land in their said Province, which lies between the Rivers Allatamaha and Savanna, and erected the said Tract into a distinct Province, with proper and independant Jurisdictions, under the Name and Title of the Margravate of Azilia, to be held of them the Lords Proprietors of Carolina by me, my Heirs and Assigns for ever; and whereas for better carrying on my design of transporting People and making a new Settlement in the said Margravate; I have made and caused to be publish'd the Proposals hereunto annex'd, Now Therefore for securing the Advantages proposed in the said Articles to all, who shall or may Subscribe any Sum or Sums of Money for the Purchase of Lands and Profits in the Margravate of Azilia aforesaid, and shall on their parts, make good the Payments and Conditions mention'd in the Articles, I the abovenamed Sir Robert Mountgomry do, by these Presents to be enroll'd in the High Court of Chancery, in perpetual Proof and Testimony of the Security hereby design'd to be convey'd, engage, bind, mortgage, assign, and firmly make subject the said Grant, Lands, and benefits for making Good the Uses in the said Articles expres'd in Manner, as at large herein under describ'd: And I do hereby declare and consent, that the Instruments sign'd by my Hand writing as recited in the seventh Article, shall be deem'd and they are by virtue of these Presents declar'd to be, a firm, and sufficient Proof of Title to the respective Claim therein mention'd to be convey'd by and upon the Security by these Presents provided; And I do hereby authorize and appoint David Kennedy, Esq; in my Absence to fill up, and deliver the said Instruments with all effectual Authority, and irrevocable Right of Representation, which by Letter of Attorney, or by any other Form or Means whatever, can or might be deputed to Him, And I declare myself obliged, as to the sufficiency of the Writings delivered by such Act of the said David Kennedy, Esq; as firmly as if I had in Person fill'd and deliver'd the said Writings; And in Case that I Sir Robert Mountgomry, or my Heirs, or Assigns, or any claiming Right, or exercising Power by, from, or under me, shall at any 15 time hereafter refuse to submit to the said annex'd Articles or to any of them, or shall under any unjust Pretence whatsoever forbear the Cultivation of the Purchasers Lands, or consign the annual Products, arising therefrom, or any Part of the same, to any other Person, or Persons, than to the Factor, or Factors, who shall be appointed by the Purchasers, or to Persons approved by them, or shall refuse, or deny admission, Residence, or ocular satisfaction on the Spot to any Agent, whom the Purchasers may at any time think fit to send over for that Purpose; In any of these Cases the Purchasers shall, by virtue of these Presents (any Form of Law, Usage, Custom, or Pretence to the contrary notwithstanding) have a warrantable, and incontrovertible Right, and Authority, to procure, and obtain present Justice to themselves in Manner following, That is to say—Upon such Breach of Covenant the said Purchasers shall, or may meet upon the Summons of the Party injur'd, or of any other Person interested, and by a Majority of the Voices present elect a Committee of Three, which Committee shall draw up a State of the Case they complain of, And present it to me, or my Heirs or Assigns, or to any Agent acting for me, or them, or any of them in London, or elsewhere, and if within ten Days after such Presentation they receive not due Satisfaction from such Person, or Agent, they shall leave Notice in Writing at the Place of his dwelling, or publish in the Gazette, or other Authentick News Letter, that on some day therein to be named, they design to lay the State of their Case before the Kings Attorney General, and Solicitor General in London for the Time being, in order to have their Opinion, whether the Fact they complain of be, or be not not a Breach of any Part of the Articles hereunto annex'd, that so the said Person, or Agent may attend if he shall have any thing to offer, in Defence of the Matter complain'd of, And if upon the Question, the Attorney and Solicitor General shall joyn in Opinion and give it under their Hands, that the Cause of Complaint does plainly appear in their Judgements to be a Breach of the Articles subscribed to, and such Person, as above described, or some Agent acting for Him, shall not forthwith, make due satisfaction, such Forbearance to do Justice in the Case, shall after Thirty Days next following the date of the said written Opinion, become an absolute Forfeiture of the Grant, and from thenceforth all Lands, Prerogatives, Priviledges, Powers, and Benefits, whatsoever held, claim'd, or enjoy'd by virtue of the said Grant, shall be taken Possession of for the sole future Use of the Body of Purchasers, and shall be carry'd on to their general Advantage, and according to their Orders, and Direction, by any Person, or Persons whom they shall chuse by a Majority of their Voices, and send over to that Purpose: And that no possible Let, or Impediment, on my 16 Part, or the Part of my Heirs, or Assigns, may in any sort incommode, or prevent the most strict and immediate Performance of this Covenant, I the said Sir Robert do hereby renounce for myself, and all claiming from me, all Pleas, Prerogatives, Priviledges and Pretences whatsoever, which I, or they, may by the said Grant, or by any Form, Custom, or Mode of Proceeding at Law be possess'd of, or entitled to; And I do consent and declare, that when the written Opinion abovemention'd of the Attorney, and Solicitor General in London, shall be produc'd to the Lords Proprietors of Carolina, and sent over to their Deputies at Charles Town, and be enter'd in their Journal, It shall stand as a determinate Judgment recorded against me, or them, after which no Appeal shall be lawful, and possession shall be given immediately, that is to say, no other Process shall be needful then twenty Days Notice frown the Governour, and Council at Charles Town abovemention'd: From which Time for ever, if full Satisfaction be not made within the said twenty Days, as well in the Matter complain'd of, as by Payment of all Costs, and Damages sustained by the Complainants, the Purchasers shall in Right of themselves, and by Virtue of these Presents, possess, occupy, and enjoy all Manner of Authorities, Territories, and Advantages of what kind soever, arising from the Grant abovesaid, and I the said Sir Robert Mountgomry, my Heirs, and Assigns shall effectually stand excluded, both in Law, and in Equity, to all Intents and Purposes, as if the said Grant had never been made. In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my Hand and seal this Fifteenth Day of July, in the Third Year of the Reign of our Sovereign Lord George, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, France and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, &c. Annoq; Domini, 1717. R. Mountgomry. Art. I. The first fifty thousand Acres, which shall be run out, settled, or planted, shall be always kept, as a distinct Division, separate from the rest of the Margravate, and shall all be clear'd, and improv'd before any other Settlement is made, or suffer'd in any Part of the Margravate, and a Right will be sold by Virtue of the propos'd Subscription, to all the Profits arising from twenty five Thousand of those Acres, when the fifty Thousand shall be clear'd; and in the mean time to half the yearly Amount of the whole Profit which shall be made by the Colony, which Sale will be made in Acres, (more or less at the Discretion of the Buyer, only nothing less than five Acres) at the Rate of forty Shillings per Acre: And tho' the whole shou'd not be purchased, yet the Books shall, notwithstanding, be shut up forthwith, that so no Time may be lost, and the then Number of Purchasers, be they never so few, shall compose the Body, and enjoy their 17 Proportional Benefits, as fully as if the whole had been compleated. Art. II. The Land thus bought, is not to be cultivated at the Charge of the Buyer; but the yearly Profits of it shall for ever be brought Home to the Purchasers, their Heirs or Assigns, in the Ships of the Margravate, and paid them in regular Dividends. Art III. The Purchase Money, that is to say, the forty Shillings per Acre abovemention'd, shall be paid one half down, and the other half, not till the first Return of the Shipping, and after a Dividend of Profit made among the Purchasers, by Sale of such Goods or Products as the said Ships bring over with them. Art. IV. This first Return, and the whole yearly Produce for ever, of the first settled fifty Thousand Acres, or so much thereof, as shall at any time be clear'd, and cultivated, shall always come consign'd to the Purchasers Factors, for the Time being, or their Agents, or to Persons of their Appointment or Approbation, and shall be sold by them, or by Brokers of their chusing, which Brokers shall account with them the said Factors or their Agents, for the Purchasers Half the Profits, and with the Agents of Sir Robert Mountgomry, or his Assigns, for the other Half. Provided always that a Preference be given to any Buyer nam'd by the said Sir Robert, or his Assigns, or his or their Agents, on Condition however that such Buyer shall give a better Price than has before been offer'd. Art. V. That on the Death, or Surrender of the Factors, or upon Dislike of their Management, it is always to be understood that a Majority of the Purchasers shall have Power to chuse new ones in their Places. Art. VI. That on closing the Book of Subscription, due Notice shall be given, and the Purchasers shall meet, and chuse by Majority of Voices, (every twenty Acres entitling to a Vote) such Person or Persons as they think best qualified to act, as their Factors, in the Trust abovemention'd, and such Factor, or Factors, shall in Consideration of their Trouble, be allow'd over and above their necessary Charges in the Management, such Gratuity as the Purchasers think reasonable out of the respective Dividends, which they from Time to Time, shall pay to the said Purchasers. Art. VII. On Payment of the first Half the Purchase Money, the Purchasers shall severally receive an Instrument in Form following. This witnesseth, that A. B. did on this—Day of—1717. Subscribe the Sum of—Pounds, towards Establishment of a new Colony, in the Margravate of Azilia in Carolina, and paid down one half of the said Sum; in Consideration whereof, 18 of, and of the remaining Half to be paid, as by the Articles provided, the said A. B. is for himself; his Heirs, or Assigns admitted as Proprietor of—Acres of Land in the said Margravate. The whole Rents, Products, Profits, and Advantages of which—Acres are absolutely vested in the said A. B. his Heirs, or Assigns for ever, as they shall arise, and accrue yearly, by virtue of a General Management, as by the Articles provided, at the Cost of Sir Robert Mountgomry, or his Assigns, without Charge, or Trouble to the said Proprietor under the Penalties express'd and covenanted in a Deed to that End executed and enroll'd in the High Court of Chancery, for perpetual Proof of the Security therein provided. In Witness whereof, I the above mention'd Sir Robert Mountgomry, have hereunto set my Hand, the Day and Year first above-written. R. Mountgomry. Art. VIII. And for Encouragement of those, who shall considerably Interest themselves in this Affair. Whoever shall Subscribe the Sum of Five Hundred Pounds, for Purchase of two hundred and fifty Acres, as abovemention'd, shall, over and above his yearly Profits from the said two Hundred and Fifty Acres, be entitled to one of the Estates of a Mile Square, or 640 Acres, in the first District, which shall be settled, as in the Cut describ'd. And shall for himself, his Heirs, and Assigns tot ever, be put in Possession of the said Estate of 640 Acres, together with a House built on it, and the Ground ready clear'd to his Hand, without any Charge to him, or his Assigns, as soon as such first District shall be measur'd out, and settled; The said Estate to be cultivated at his Pleasure and for his Profit, by Himself, or his Agents, on Condition only, that if he shall not himself think fit to go over, and inhabit it, the Person he sends over in his Stead, shall be no ordinary Overseer, but a Gentleman well qualified, of a liberal Education, who is married, and carries with him a genteel well bred Family. Art. IX. Over and above the Regard, which may naturally be expected to the Recommendation of Purchasers, in Disposal of Offices, and furnishing the various Supplies from Time to Time needful, it will be fit that some particular Encouragement be given to such, as shall be early Promoters of the Undertaking; because in this, as in all great Affairs, Expedition is the main Life of Business, and the necessary Preparations will require so much Time, that if the Subscription is suddenly compleated, it will turn to the extraordinary Benefit of the Design, and all concern'd in it; It is therefore hereby made an Article, that the first hundred Subscribers (to be known by the Numbers on their Instruments) whether they Subscribe more, or less, shall have, and he firmly entitled in all Dividends, to an additional Share of Profit-after 19 the Rate of one Acre over and above every ten Acres they buy, and so for more or less in Proportion; to be paid them out of the Undertaker's Part of every Dividend by their own Factors or Agents: As for Instance, a Purchaser of 100 Acres, if his Ticket of Purchase bears any Number from 1 to 100, shall not, at the Dividends, receive in Proportion to the 100 Acres he bought, but as if they were 110 Acres: by Virtue of the 10 Acres additionally annex'd to his Quota by Virtue of this Article. And so it shall be understood of any different Quantity purchas'd, from five Acres upwards. A more particular Explanation of the Benefits of this Proposal. 'TIS impossible to give a firmer Title, than is hereby made both to the Lands, and their Profits, since the whole Country, with all its Improvements, in all Times to come, is engag'd as a Mortgage, and will be forfeited into the Purchaser's Hands on Non-performance of the Covenants, and as to the Rate of the Purchase, 'tis the cheapest that ever was heard of: For it must be observ'd, that the Forty Shillings per Acre is not a Consideration for the Land only, to be cultivated afterwards at the Charge of the Buyer, but on the contrary, it is the first, and last Expence, not only of the Land, but its perpetual Profit; so that for what is ones laid out, a Man has, every Year, brought Home to his Door, by other People's Care and Charge, and without the least Trouble to Himself, but That of receiving the Money, the Produce and Profit of so many Acres of the finest Land in the World, as he thus pays Forty Shillings a piece for; and this is to continue, not only during his own Life, but to Descend for ever to his Heirs, or those, to whom he shall assign his Interest. And, that the Benefits of this Proposal may as well reach those who are willing to spare but a little, as those who shall incline to Subscribe large Sums, we have therefore fix'd the lowest Quantity at five Acres; By which Means People who cannot, or who care not to venture much, may become concern'd for only five Pound down, and five Pound more after the first Dividend of Profit, at Return of the Shipping; and this will we hope be of General Advantage, since the Benefit being made diffusive, will reach Numbers who had else been shut out; And with that View we have permitted it against the Opinions of a few: Since a Man who is able to spare but 10 or 20 l. and does afterwards sell his Interest for two or three hundred, will much more feel the Benefit than one, who being able to subscribe larger Sums, makes a Profit in Equal Proportion. 20 And here, tho' we utterly disapprove all swelling, and overrated Computations, it will be some satisfaction to give as rational a Guess, as Things to come admit of, after what proportion Purchasers may calculate their Profit, by the most modest Expectation; for tho' tis impossible exactly to state these Accounts, before they are put to the Trial, yet such Computations as are fairly, and impartially Drawn, are at least so far Useful, as to give some Idea to the Reader, of what he may otherwise perhaps be utterly ignorant in the very Nature and Meaning of. It will be allow'd without Argument, that Three working Men may be carried over, and maintain'd one whole Year round, for every Hundred Pound in the Stock; And so a purchaser, for every Hundred Pounds, he subscribes, will the first Year be entitled to Half what is gain'd by Three Men's constant Labour the whole Year about. The other Half remaining to the Undertakers, to supply Encrease of People, and the necessary Charges of their Maintenance, and Government. The Practice of our Colonies all over America, has made it undeniable, that the Labour of a Man, for one Year, no otherway employ'd, will clear, at least, four Acres; It must be observ'd, that we do not suppose him to cultivate the four Acres, but only to cut, and burn down the Trees, which grow there; By this Account such a Purchaser's first Year's Claim will be the Profit of Six Acres (Half Three Mens Labour for That Year) And his Second Year advancing in Proportion, after Allowance for all Kinds of Hazard, there arises a great, and uncommon Advantage. For not to urge that the Designs, we shall employ our Men in, are such, as may be fairly expected to produce far greater Profit, than the overstock'd and beaten Practices, in Use at Present, we will take as our Example, the most common, known Product of South Carolina Herself, and That is Rice; This is, at least, one Crop with another worth Six Pounds per Acre; we will state it, however, but at four Pounds, and out of that allow Deduction of one Pound for Freight Home, and Duty; so the Purchaser receives but Three Pounds neat from each Acre. Thus, all the Land clear'd, a Man, whose Purchase Money was a Hundred Pounds, for fifty Acres, must receive a Hundreds. and fifty Pound per Annum for ever, as the Profit of it; but we are not desirous of laying more weight than the Reader, on the Exactness of such Calculations; A Thousand Accidents, not easily foreseen, will still vary these Events, sometimes for the better, sometimes for the Worse; we leave People's Expectation to be determin'd by their Reason, tho' even Men of Diffidence will we think be asham'd to disallow a Computation so low, as Three Pounds per Acre, from such Land in such a Climate. But it may be objected that we compute on a Supposition of 21 all the Land clear'd, and improv'd by Cultivation, whereas it may be some Years before the Woods, which over-run it, are Fell'd, and the Earth fit for Sowing; 'Tis true, to clear all the Land will require some Time, But while That is doing we make all our Potash beforemention'd, of the waste Wood cut down, to clear the Land, and the Profit from an Acre that way, will be so much greater, than from any yearly Crop, that Purchasers may reasonably expect as large gain the very first Year, from a few Acres only, as afterwards from all their Land, clear'd and cultivated. A word or two, to explain this Assertion, which may look like a Mystery, and we shall draw to a Conclusion. When Workmen have nothing to do, but fell Great Trees cross one another, and as soon as dry, set Fire to them, that they may be burnt to Ashes, tis demonstrable beyond all Dispute, that Three Men so employ'd, in Twelve Months constant Work, must cut down more Wood than can grow on Twelve Acres. If therefore we state it but at twelve Acres, it is a Rate of computing which can admit of no reasonable Contradiction; And to shew how much Potash this will yield, it is plain from Experience and any Reader who doubts, may examine it at his Pleasure for the Charge of a Faggot, That the Weight of any good Wood Ashes amounts to about a Sixteenth of the Wood, they are burnt from; and the Weight of the Potash, which will be produc'd from those Ashes, is from a Sixth, to an Eighth of the Weight of the Ashes; But allowing at large, for loss, waste, and accidents, call the Sixteenth a Twentieth, and the Sixth a Tenth only. For Quantity of Wood, say there grows on an Acre, so cover'd with huge Timber Trees, but four Hundred Tun; we have often much more (Bark, Timber, and Brushwood) on an Acre in England; It is therefore an unexceptionable Computation for America, where the date of the Woods, instead of Years, must be reckoned by Ages. Then the Wood of an Acre yields two Tun of Potash, and the whole Year's Labour of Three Men employ'd in cutting down, and burning on Twelve Acres, and boiling and managing the Ashes, will produce 24 Tun of Potash, which being a Commodity of Universal Consumption, cannot easily over stock Markets, at least not from far greater Quantities of Wood Land, than we are here talking of. The general Price of such Potash, being the Richest, and Best, is from Forty to Sixty Pounds Sterling per Tun, but we will reduce it to Twenty, for Arguments Sake, tho' such a Fall is improbable for such a Commodity, (Some of our own English Ashes, which have not a 4 th Part good Potash, yielding that Price or more) The 24 Tun will then sell for Four Hundred and Eighty Pounds, If out of this Sum we allow for payment of 22 Freight, and Custom House Duties, &c. at the most extravagant Reckoning, we may deduct on that Score One Hundred and Eighty pounds, and then out of the remaining Three Hundred, One Hundred and fifty Pounds will be due to the Purchaser in England, as the first Year's clear Profit of his Hundred Pound Venture, and That Profit will be every Year growing greater, and greater. We repeat here once again, that we wou'd not impose the punctual Exactness of such Calculations, as a Matter of Infallibility; The utmost Men can do in these Cases, is fairly to lay down Probabilities, and That we have done undeniably, notwithstanding the Giantlike size of the Benefit, and we shou'd perhaps far more Suprize, if we varied the Subject, and computed on some other of our Intentions: A man wou'd make but a very indifferent Use of his Caution, who shou'd neglect an uncommon Advantage, without some better Reason against it, than that the Prospect of Profit was too Great to be credited; But be that as it will, Here is Room enough for Profit, let Men reduce it, as they please, nor indeed is Profit, how Great soever, the only Motive to Men of Noble Minds; There is in an Attempt of this Nature, something more to recommend it, to all those, who take a Pleasure in things publick Spirited, and Useful to Posterity. If then what we have said is not sufficient Encouragement, whatever we can say, will be said to no Purpose, so we only shall add our most earnest Entreaty, that every Reader would narrowly scan both the Facts, and the Reasonings here offer'd, and let it be done with the sharpest Attention, and Severity of his Judgment; for we are justly convinc'd, that They, who examine them most, will most firmly believe them. POSTSCRIPT. THO' all, that I think can possibly be expected by a reasonable Reader, has been said in the short Tract foregoing, I find my self advis'd to add a Word, or two by way of Postscript, for Satisfaction of some, who may be apt to object, that tho' the Lands, which are bought, will be more than an Equivalent for the Money Subcrib'd, when those Lands shall be settled, and planted, yet as they are of no such Value in their present Condition, and as the Subscribers should have all possible Security, that the Settlement shall really be made as propos'd, they may therefore expect, that over and above the Assignment of the Lands, the Money they subscribe, shou'd, instead of being paid into my Hands, be deposited in those of Trustees, for the Uses intended. 23 Tho' I cannot but hope, that such kind of Suspicions will never disturb any Person, to whom I am known, yet I thought it but reasonable to State the Objection, and Answer it, for the Sakes of such Readers, who, being equally Strangers to my Person, and Character, may justly enough, entertain the Distrusts, which are common, and allowable in Matters of Money, and Bargainings. It will be granted, that it signifies little into whose Hands the Money is paid, if it is but apply'd to the Purpose intended; and as I neither expect, nor Desire the Subscription of any, but such, who, by weighing the Design, are fully convinc'd, that it is well founded, and profitable, so it follows, as a necessary Consequence, that all such must think their Money best placed in his Hands, whose Profit, Honour, and Success must depend upon That of the Undertaking, and who may therefore be naturally suppos'd more careful, and dilligent than others wou'd be, in the Application of the Money, because always most interested in the Effect of that Application. This Reason is so good, that it might alone be sufficient, if there was not another as considerable, which arises from the following Reflection. Where Trustees are to act in Matters of Care, Form, or Equity, it must be confess'd, they are not only useful, but necessary; But when they are trusted, as in our Case they would be, with a Deposite of Money, and a Power to see it apply'd to a Purpose, in which they are no otherwise concern'd, than as Adventurers among others, (to say nothing of the Impossibility to chuse such, as would be equally agreeable to all) the Temptations are many, and but too well known, which may make it their Interest to find means of Cavil under plausible Pretences for delaying the Business, and Detainment of the Money, as long as the Managers shall see it convenient for their private Advantages. A wise Man will therefore very easily discern, and approve of my Reasons for not dividing the Power of the Money, from the Power of the Management, since on this only Rock might be split a more promising Adventure, than was ever undertaken. If I did not believe, that every Body's Experience can furnish him with Instances enough, in the daily Destructions of well laid Designs, through the idle Disputes, and Disagreements of those, who are carrying them on, it were easy to illustrate the Fact by a thousand Examples. But, as none, I presume, will deny a known Truth, I will Instance but One, which is the fitter for my Purpose, because it is taken, not only from a Parallel Case, but was acted in the very next Country to that, which is the Scene of our Settlement. The first Attempts, which were made for the settling an English 24 Plantation in Virginia, were carried on by the private Subscriptions of Gentlemen and others, who thought it their Interest by Way of Security, to entrust the Disposal of their Money, to certain Men of the host Publick Credit among them, who were chosen Trustees, and transacted all Matters at Home in the Name of the Body. Mean while, the Command of their Colonies was committed to such Great, and Brave Men, as Sir Walter Raleigh and others, who went over, and settled the Country, with all the Appearance of a promising good Fortune; but just in the Crisis, when their Houses were Built, Lands prepar'd, and nothing was wanting, but the expected Arrival of Ships with the necessary Supplies of Ammunition, and Provision, they were all Starv'd to Death, or cut off by the Indians with a shocking Barbarity. For the Gentlemen in England, while they shou'd have laid out the Money subscrib'd, and sent over the Supplies abovemention'd, were quarreling with one another, who should make most Advantage, by furnishing such Goods, as where wanted, or helping others to do it: In which, and the like kind of Follies, they wasted sometimes two, three, or more Years, till their poor starving Colonies fell a Sacrifice to their Inhumanity and Avarice. Nor was this Game play'd but once, and then mended; on the Contrary, from the Reign of Queen Elizabeth, to that of King Charles the First, they repeated the Extravagance in numberless Trials, and lost six, or seven different Colonies, not to mention the Money, they had so warily ventur'd, into the Bargain, by no other Error, or Miscarriage, than that the Disposal of their Stock did not lie in the same Hands, which had the Management of their Authority; and this was so visible a Truth, that King Charles abovemention'd, as a Punishment of their Indiscretion, depriv'd them of their Charter; and ever after that, the Purse, and the Power being join'd, as they ought, Virginia throve apace, till it grew the most flourishing, and mighty of all our Plantations in America. This remarkable Instance ought to serve, as a Warning to all, who embark in these noble Designs, not to run into losses by mistaken Endeavours, and ill-guided Cautions to avoid them; The Reader may apply the Advice, as he pleases, But we would have none concern'd with us, whose establish'd Opinion of the Nature of this Undertaking does not set him above all mean, and unnecessary Jealousies. R. Mountgomry. The Subscription Book will be open'd at the Carolina Coffee-House in Birchin-Lane near the Royal-Exchange, on Thursday the First Day of August next, and Attendance will be given frow 9 to 12, and from 3 to 6 Daily. FINIS. (http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/timeline/colonial/georgia/georgia.html)