The following tables contain the earlier estimates of Creek and Seminole population in a more compact form and all of the important censuses taken of them in later times. Creek and Seminole Population at Vabious Pebiods Pbior to 1834 ' [The figures are for the Creeks unless otherwise specified.) Authority. Iberville South Carolina records. Do Bienville Spanish manuscript. . . Georgia records South Carolina records. Adair An anonymous French estimate De Brahm De Kerlerec French census Anonymous description of South Carolina... Georgia Colonial Documents John Stuart Col. Henry Bouquet Elam Potter Romans Bartram Purcell Morse H. Knox. Secretary of War Year. Warriors. Total popu lation.' 1702 3 2, 000 7,000 1708 3 2, 000 7,000 1715 3 2, 083 7,292 1725-26 2,200 7.700 1738 ?2,063 7,220 1739 5 1,500 5,250 1747-48 +2,500 8,750 1750(?) 3,500 12,250 1750(?) 0 1, 258 4,403 1753 3,000 7 10, 500 1758 3,000 10,500 1760 3,655 12, 792 1761 2,500 8,750 1761 8 2, 160 7,560 1764 3,600 12,600 1764 • 2, 950 10, 325 1768 1,600 5,600 1771 3,500 12,250 1778 11,000 1780 10 5, 860 17,280 1786 5,860 17, 280 f 14,000 1789 4,000-6,000 to 21,000 [Notes: Obtained, where number of warriors is given, by multiplying by 3] ' Exclusive of Yamasee, Apalachicola, Shawnee, and Yuchi, but including Alabama. The last was an actual census. < Excludes Alabama and neighbormg towns. s From this time on the Apalachicolu, some Shawnee, a few Yamasee, and nearly all of the Yuchi are included. « Evidently incomplete. ' Given as 15,000. ' From about this time the nation lost many to Florida. • With 600 Alabama. 10 Creeks and Seminole. Creek and Seminole Population at Various Periods Prior to 1834—Con. Authority. Swan. Marbury. Schermerhorn Andrew Jackson Do Penieres White Report to American Commissioners. In Schoolcraft Porter United States Census. Year. 1791 1792 1814 1821 1821 1821 1821 1823 1825 1829 1832 Warriors. 5,000-6,000 2 3, 605 1,399 5,000 2 1,200 Total popu lation. Creek and Seminole Population Subsequent to 1834 United States Indian Office: Total population. 1835—Creeks 22,000 1836—Creeks 22, 000 Seminole 3, 765 1837—Creeks 21 , 437 Seminole 5, 072 1838—Creeks 25, 293 Seminole 3, 565 1841—Creeks 25, 338 Seminole '. . . . 3, 765 1842—Creeks 25, 338 Seminole (in west; and so with following figures) 3, 612 1843—Creeks 25, 338 Seminole 3, 824 1844—Creeks 25,338 Seminole 3,136 1845—Creeks 24,754 Seminole 3, 136 Schoolcraft: 1846 «—Seminole 3, 250 1847 «—Creeks 25, 000 Seminole 1, 500 1847 7—Seminole in Florida 370 1850 '—Seminole in Florida 348 1 Given as 25,000 to 26,000. » Seminole. » Oiven as 20,000. « Seminole, exclusive of Negroes. » Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, m, p. 621. • Ibid., i, pp. 6-24. ' Ibid., i, p. 522. 444 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 73 United States Indian Office: Total population. 1851—Seminole 2, 500 1853—Creeks 25, 000 Seminole (including 500in Florida) 3, 000 1855—(Same). Schoolcraft : 1855—Seminole 2, 500 1857—Seminole 2, 500 United States Indian Office (new census): 1857—Creeks 14, 888 Seminole ' 1, 907 Schoolcraft: 1857—Creeks 28, 214 Seminole 1, 870 United States Indian Office: 1858—Seminole 2, 060 1859—Creeks 13, 550 Seminole 2, 253 1861—Creeks 13,550 Seminole 2, 267 1865-66—Creeks 14, 396 Seminole 2, 000 1867—Creeks 12, 294 Seminole 2, 236 1868—Creeks 12,003 Seminole 1, 950 1869—Creeks 12, 294 Seminole 2, 136 1870—Creeks. 12, 294 Seminole 2, 136 1871—Creeks 13, 000 Seminole 2, 300 1872—Creeks 13, 000 Seminole 2, 398 1873—Creeks 13, 000 Seminole 2, 438 1874—Creeks (including 2,000 freedmen) 13, 000 Seminole 2, 438 1875—(Same). 1876—Creeks (including 3,000 mixed bloods) 14, 000 Seminole (100 mixed bloods ) 2, 553 1877—Creeks (1,200 mixed bloods ) 14, 000 Seminole (200 mixed bloods ) 2, 443 1878—(Same). 1879—t reeks 14, 500 Seminole 2,560 1880—Creeks 15, 000 Seminole 2, 667 1881—Creeks 15, 000 Seminole 2, 667 1882—Creeks 15, 000 Seminole 2, 700 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee in Texas 290 i From here on the Seminole removed to the west are meant unless otherwise specified. swan-ton) EARLY HISTORY OF THE CREEK INDIANS 445 United States Indian Office—Continued. Total population. 1883—Creeks 14, 000 Seminole 3, 000 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee in Texas 290 1884—(Same). 1885—Creeks 14, 000 Seminole 3, 000 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee in Texas 290 1886— (.Same). 1887—(Same). 1888—Creeks 14, 200 Seminole 3, 050 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee in Texas 290 1889—Creeks 14, 200 Seminole 2, 600 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee in Texas 290 1890—Creeks 15,000 Seminole 2, 600 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee in Texas 290 1891—Creeks 15, 000 Seminole 2, 600 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee in Texas 290 1892—Creeks 15, 000 Seminole 3, 000 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee in Texas 290 ' 1893—(Same and). Florida Seminole 450 1894—(Same and). Florida Seminole 450 1895—Creeks: full blood Indians 9, 447 Creek freedmen 4, 416 Seminole 2, 900 Florida Seminole 565 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee in Texas 290 1896—Creeks 13, 863 Seminole 2, 000 Florida Seminole 565 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee in Texas 290 1897—Creeks 13, 863 Seminole 2, 900 Florida Seminole 565 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee in Texas 290 1898—Creeks: by blood 10,014 Creek freedmen 4, 757 Seminole 2, 900 Florida Seminole 575 Alabama, Koasati. and Muskogee in Texas 290 1899—Creeks 14, 771 Seminole 2, 900 Florida Seminole 575 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee in Texas 290 1900— Creeks by blood 10, 000 Creek freedmen 6, 000 Seminole 3. 000 446 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 73 United States Indian Office—Continued. Total population. 1900—Seminole freedmen " 575 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee in Texas 290 1901—Creeks by blood 10, 000 Creek freedmen 5, 000 Seminole 2, 757 Florida Seminole 358 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee in Texas 470 1902—Creeks 15, 000 Seminole 2, 750 Florida Seminole 358 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee -. 470 1903—Creeks by blood 9,624 Creek freedmen 4, 954 Seminole 2, 750 Florida Seminole 358 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee 470 1904—Creeks by blood ~ 9, 905 Creek freedmen 5, 473 Florida Seminole 358 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee 470 1905—Creeks by blood 10, 185 Creek freedmen 5, 738 Seminole by blood 2, 099 Seminole freedmen 950 Florida Seminole 358 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee 470 1906—Creeks by blood 11,081 Creek freedmen 6, 265 Seminole by blood 2, 132 Seminole freedmen 979 Florida Seminole 358 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee 470 1907—Creeks by blood 11,895 Creek freedmen 6, 807 Seminole by blood 2, 138 Seminole freedmen 986 Florida Seminole 358 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee 470 1908—Creek full bloods 6,812 Creek mixed bloods 5, 083 Creek freedmen 6, 807 Seminole full bloods 1, 399 Seminole mixed bloods 739 Seminole freedmen 986 Florida Seminole 358 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee 420 1909—Creek full bloods 6, 816 Creek mixed bloods 5, 091 Creek freedmen 6, 807 Seminole full bloods 1, 399 Seminole mixed bloods 739 swantonI EARLY HISTORY OF THE CREEK INDIANS 447 United States Indian Office—Continued. Total population. Seminole freedmen 986 1909—Florida Seminole 358 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee 470 1910—Creeks by blood 11, 911 Creek freedmen 6, 806 Seminole by blood 2, 137 Seminole freedmen 986 Florida Seminole 358 Alabama, Koasati, and Muskogee 470 Census of 1910— Creeks (full bloods?) 6, 945 Seminole (full bloods?) 1, 729 Alabama 298 Koasati 98 United States Indian Office: 1911—Creeks by blood 11, 911 Creek freedmen 6, 806 Seminole by blood 2, 137 Seminole freedmen 986 Florida Seminole 446 Alabama in Texas 192 1912—Creeks by blood 11,911 Creek freedmen 6, 806 Seminole by blood 2, 137 Seminole freedmen : 986 Florida Seminole : 446 Alabama in Texas 192 1913—Creeks by blood 11, 893 Creek freedmen 6, 807 Seminole by blood 2.133 Seminole freedmen 986 Florida Seminole 600 Alabama in Texas 192 1914—Creeks by blood 11, 905 Creek freedmen 6, 807 Seminole by blood 2, 133 Seminole freedmen 986 Florida Seminole 562 Alabama in Texas 192 1915—Creeks by blood (full blood, 6,873; half blood or more, 1,698; less than half blood, 3,396) 11, 967 Creek freedmen 6, 809 Seminole by blood (full, 1,254; one-half or more, 478; less than one-half, 409) 2, 141 Seminole freedmen 986 Seminole in Florida 578 Alabama in Texas 192 1916—Creeks by blood 11,965 Creek freedmen 6, 809 Seminole by blood 2, 141 448 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 73 United States Indian Office—Continued. Total population. 1916—Seminole freedmen 986 Florida Seminole 574 Alabama in Texas 192 1917—Creeks by blood 11, 952 Creek freedmen 6, 809 Seminole by blood 2, 141 Seminole freedmen 986 Florida Seminole 586 Alabama in Texas 192 1918—Creeks by blood 11, 952 Creek freedmen 6, 809 Seminole by blood 2, 141 Seminole freedmen 986 Florida Seminole 585 Alabama in Texas 192 1919—Creeks and Seminole (same as in 1918) Florida Seminole 573 Alabama and Koasati in Polk County, Texas 206 To the figures since 1910 must be added about 100 for the Koasati and 100 for the Alabama Indians in Louisiana. (Swanton)