This could be a debate among Indians that these 12 Creeks are the 12 tribes of Israel.

This is good tavern legendry. Have a batch of pubsters who love to hear and believe these tales, like modern people who believe outlandish things. Also, have Juan Ignacio and Menendez believe them when they are young.

try to throw in a lawsuit to show readers these people were more advanced than we think.

Mend can go through this when he marries Ana

this is a common way to say that something happened. Make sure it is reflected in the Spanish side of the story.

Make sure to show this in SA. This may be why Juan Ignacio could read and write.

Maybe Francisco Menendez Marquez has a copy of this letter for bragging rights.

another example of Bushnell's witty writing.

Like Don Quixote

Make sure to show this contract style if an opportunity arises.

this surely went on the entire life of Florida in some fashion.

was this law still in effect in 1737?

have a malcontent soldier accuse Marquez of this.

this can be what the Creeks call Juan Ignacio because it sounds like his name and he's a scout

Maybe have a boatman that is forever in search of this route.

Make sure Juan Ignacio hears this sentiment on his visits of Indians.

Give this incident to Montiano to show a political threat from the Franciscans

did the workers in SA have to do this around the governor?

What status was the Gonzalez family?

Have ALL characters encounter moments when they don?t know that to do, so that they all feel relatable to the reader, and so young people will be inspired to take chances on things they don?t know how to do and hope it works out.

maybe Mont can read the SCG for mentions of SA, and Mend can ask for the runaway slave section, like a kid asking for the comics. He can read it to the Mose people like movie night. But when he has to leave on missions, he must find someone else who is willing to learn to read, and is faced with many people who beg him to read for them, but won't learn themselves.

have this box turn up with a resident in Mose and then be gifted to Montiano for freeing him/her.

Make sure readers get a solid feel for the length of time between communication compared to the instantaneous email of nowadays.

have Mend or Tomas rent garden space from an Indian village.

show horses as work animals without free roam so readers will not feel so bad for the carriage horses.

Wow! Marquez must have had this benefit.

Maybe Mend found his way through these towns.

Make sure you use this name for Anastasia

Make sure to educate the reader about the prominint role of bells in Spanish society

make sure Mend hears this, too, so it connects with the Revenge.

Have Mont or someone read the titles of documents that come in the mail in Spanish so readers get a feel for the tangibility of historical documents, as well as the dates so readers see how long it took for mail to travel.

Let Mend appreciate the overly controlling Spanish system compared to the lawlessness of Charleston at the time.

this was why (non SA) governors had to pay the media anata. Also, have Menendez Marques delight in townspeople getting in trouble because their fines make a significant source of income for the treasury and offsets the missing situados.

this might have happened on Marques' ranch

Yikes! Which is it?

have Mont become determined to get his entire media anata back, like the security deposit on a rental home.

Mont and Castilla would find a treasure trove of exciting and juicy details while sifting through the old SA files. Maybe one of them should get addicted to it, so teens can respect the love of reading and digging through historical documents.

make sure someone uses this name.

Tomas and Mont might have had to sign this when they left Spain.

have someone voice this so the reader can see why religious observance was taken so seriously.

have Mend ask what are the criteria to be ?a person of quality? and then work toward becoming one.

all these ?crown? revenues must have been a huge focus for Menendez-Marquez, and Mont and Mend would hear him constantly spouting off such financial issues, perhaps because he earned commission on them.

use this term ?ad valorem? so readers can feel the modern connection and also learn what it means.

see if there was a lunar eclipse to be used this way in my timeframe.

you need these to make the alloys

Did the Indians have a word for "sabana"?

maybe the Indian allowance was just meant as a padding to cover the degree to which the colonists and friars were not able to win the loyalty of the Indians; perhaps the crown expected the Spaniards to do a better job of incorporating the natives without having to pay them.

OH! This surely took away the freedom of SA?s Spaniards!

once again, this sounds like the Hastings farm workers.

this is an example of Bushnell?s charm.

maybe soldiers found literacy emasculating.

have Mont get whopped with another ?not in St. Augustine? every time he turns around. He assumes things are as they are in the rest of the empire, and gets corrected by a local.

Make sure Tomas hear this when he gets signed up as artilleryman.

make sure to use the phrase when Mont and Castilla are going through old documents.

make sure someone says this.

This explains the failure of the entire mission system.

I guess all Indians are not necessarily adept in the woods

have Tomas? friends do this.

maybe whatever these are were still sitting there when Mont came along.

this might be work Mend did as a royal slave, then contracted out to Gonzalezes when he was free.

is this a typo? 233/2230

Mend can work for Canty and Nairne and Smith can be watching and writing down the process, then claim Mend for Pocotaligo trip

Mend probably learned about it from the Yamassee. Or maybe it was told among the slaves like a mystical legend.

Moral started out good, but must have sunk to bad due to lack of support. Contrast Montiano who had the same lack of support, but stayed good.

surely Moral did this, too.

show Gov. Moral doing this in Mend's presence.

Espinosa might have been a farmer in this line.

if Juan Garrido was the first to grow maize in the new world, then it must not have been a native crop for the Indians.

this is impressive savings. Have Mend see someone do this.

the crucifix would (?) be in the 1740 church also. This article describes a church scene: ?The Spanish Return,? p.145 in The Oldest City.

Manuel finds out he?s only a buffer to the places that really matter.

Maybe two opposing Englishmen are in the tavern and get in a debate about Oglthorpe and it turns into a brawl, which lands them back in jail.

It?s ironic that this pathetic outpost is now hailed as the most majestic sample of European history in America.

show the similarity of the Indians? display of grandiosity and power and the Spaniards at regaling and the Indian counterpart.

maybe Tomas had to sail with a situado when he was seaman, and it got lost.

this is mentioned in (Swanton) near the expeditions of Pedro Menendez, but the source is a span of 1512-1722: Barcia Carballido y Zunioa, Andres G. Ensayo cronologico para la historia general de la Florida, 1512-1722, por Gabriel de Cardenas Z. Cano [pseud.. Madrid, 1723.

this is the name of my book!

Did Francisco Menendez Marquez inherit ill-gotten wealth?

Maybe Poppy has spending money because he doesn?t blow it on rum and restaurant food, like most of the soldiers. Maybe he sits at the tavern but brings his own (qualified) mug of water, which the tavern owner feels conflicted about because Poppy attracts a crowd, but also inspires others to consider not drinking (unsuccessfully).

have someone say this.

have this revealed to readers to see how the religious intentions of Spain did not match the actual events.

the third?

out of context? have a spy in SA on Moral?s watch be the way the English find out when the situado is coming and maybe that?s when a situado ship was lost to corsairs.

Even Bushnell?s nonfiction has surprises for me. Be sure to set up plenty of them.

another example of Bushnell?s wit: ?offered.? Try to use things like this in the book.

another hilarious surprise. She didn?t even set it up; just slipped it in there casually.

show this happen at a laymen?s level. Tomas orders something from Havana, earns the money for it, and goes to pay for it when it arrives. But then the customs official demands the additional tax(es), and Tomas has to give up the purchase because he doesn?t have the extra money. At some point, someone finds this cedula and flaunts it, even if it might not have been valid anymore. Maybe he tries to circumvent it by recruiting Mend or Ignacio to make the purchase with their tax exemption, like minors getting people to buy alcohol for them today.

like when I had to confront my student ?? Chrispin to explain that she must obey in order to maintain order in the classroom.

Mention this so readers can connect it with modern-day treasure hunters, who also have to be licensed.

this can be Montiano's excuse for denying Gonzalez's application to transfer.

Maybe this was Juan Ignacio's motivation in scouting, perhaps due to his identity crisis and natives calling him a sell-out

this is the name of the stickball game

this could be what puts Montiano in conflict with his townspeople. He feels obligated to protect and provide for the Indians to make up for the loss of life and land they suffered by Europeans, perhaps learned by readings Las Casas. Meanwhile, his townspeople do not read such rhetoric and only see the immediate situation and resent the Indians.

Including blacks?

have this event take place with Montiano.

compare this term to the Spanish "invalidos"

Have these be SC runaways who found themselves re-enslaved by their own lawlessness.

make a map of the city of everything you find mentioned in it.

medicine or remedy

? this is a public rebuttal to someone who was criticizing Virginia as a failure. It was delivered in the form of a public apology to one of the investors.

Have Mont run across this report and try to investigate the same building for the secret door.

have a friar say this.

have someone say this, too, so the reader is reminded of how hard it is to fight ISIS or Communism.

make sure this comes up when Mont suggests a Florida coin.

Juan Ignacio can be one of these eager beavers.

this is an excellent table that breaks down the situado into regular situado, Indian fund, religiosos, and mermas (loss expense)

Mont probably owned a house and furnishing in his previous locales.

maybe Mend hears this story and gets inspired later to travel to Spain for his own request for proprietorship.

Mend must have seen how assertive and diverse Marquez and Castillo had to be to earn their money, as opposed to the governor and soldiers who just waited for their paycheck.

ambergis?

make sure this story is told

Did Montiano have to do this?

Make sure to show all members of SA society functioning on credit against a late situado, including Menendez's debt to Davis.

make sure someone voices this so readers can see why poorer people are less trusted today

sanctuary city

On Juan's travels, he can expect to find remains of a town every seven miles and camp there.

let this be a rumor in town.

Mend must have had to buy some of this to write his petitions. He probably wrote rough drafts on cheap paper first.

Have Mend not know this until after he goes to great lengths to earn the money for his paper.

have Mont be given this book as his instruction manual, and not have time to read it, like teachers thrown to the wolves in other subject areas. Every time he screws up, he finds the solution too late in the Recopilacion. This will inspire readers to MAKE time to read first before guessing.

Let Mont consider this option.

Juan Ignacio would have been mocked for believing his native religion.

have Mont use this word.

this means Mont would get Indians coming to render obedience

Maybe Castillo gets thoroughly confused and starts making mistakes in his normal notary duties; Maybe Montiano also gets overwhelmed and tries to give up on understanding his mission or saving St. Augustine, but the note about the Indians threatening mass suicide before going back toward the English revives his determination.

make sure someone says this.

have Marquez show this to Mont.

Have Mont run across this in the paperwork. Maybe Castilla is a nosy bookworm who keeps uncovering outlandish things in the files and telling Mont about it, who gets tired of hearing the gossip and starts avoiding Castilla, then Castilla has a whopper that Mont needs to know and he can?t get an audience with him.

wow. Use this.

maybe Tomas was sent on one of these dispatches.

Make sure to show Indians making independent choices, irregardless of chiefs. Juan's parents might have done this.

make sure Mont gets a dose of this.

it?s odd that Carolina was stronger even though they had no paid military, compared to SA being a dedicated military base.

Mend must have known her

this can be another money-maker for Juan Ignacio, or perhaps Mend gets denied the opportunity because he can?t be trusted to come home.

Maybe Mend was assigned these tasks without the title.

maybe Tomas went through this.

have Marquez send Mend to find the notary who didn?t show up for a meeting.

have Marquez send Mend to find the notary who didn?t show up for a meeting.

Castilla

have someone say this and many people do it

Maybe Mend wanted to store his money in there, too.

have Francesca make Tomas barter away his next clothing ration.

highlight this to teach readers my own preference for emails containing one subject at a time

out of context? It is a major coincidence that the first governor of the first sanctioned free black settlement is (re)named after the founder of the settlement by way of the family tree.

out of context? As part of highlighting the language barrier, show the maddening habit of people saying ?Como esta? and not waiting for an answer. But every once in a while, someone means it, and you have to be savvy enough to notice when to actually answer the greeting. It takes Mend the entire story to comprehend this.

make sure to show this happening time and again.

OMG, Castilla must have been so busy making copies, he was probably working in tandem with the previous scribe.

This is a perfect way to show how unknown FL was in the empire. Maybe Mont's orders even had this mistake, and he thought it was an island.

there was an arsenal?

make sure this happens.

make sure this happens during one of your tavern scenes.

Show Mend observing all these ways to make money, which inspires him to ask for the proprietorship of the militia.

make sure these books and the coffer get carried into the fort for the siege.

Have Mend learn the dangers of escape through other runaways' failed attempts

Did Juan Ignacio do this?

Caciques apparently are not included in the term indios.

Like Jehovah?s Witnesses, these clerics were not supporting the soldiers who protected them against the violence of hostile English and Indians.

make sure one of my characters was one of these attempted settlers to tell the story.

use the slaves' Muslim background as an opportunity to show the good side of Islam, and let them sort out the contrast with Christianity and their decision to convert, perhaps through Jesus' invitation to all people to be children of God, including the rejected descendents of Ishmael.

that's what you get for badmouthing people!

show the contrast of these men patrolling to arrest people against Mend in SA patrolling to protect people.

Maybe Montiano asks Castillo if any of those six veterans are still alive, or anyone else who was; Maybe he goes and visits all the old people, and maybe he finds some at the tavern.

Is this the owner of my Menendez? Maybe his owner was pissed that Montiano freed him because he coveted him as a great slave.

Mend might see Indians bringing deerskins to Cawood's store

Mend can visit these households trying to recruit runaways or get food or bullets, and also get updates on the increasingly racist laws.

This could be Jesse Fish.

Is this what Juan Ignacio did?

Maybe Tomas can teach Juan Ignacio how to use the cannon.

Francesca's parents might have had Indian servants in their home growing up.

Make sure Mont has a defender on staff.

maybe this is why the Spaniards didn't help the Yamassee during Palmer's 1728 attack

This military alarm kicked off cattle ranching and prosperity in SA.

This dog-and-pony show type of ambush is a recurring theme with the Indians.

this is the same as Europeans offering opium to the Chinese.

this could be Mend's beginnings.

this might be the priest who married the Gonzalezes. Maybe they had to see their priest get arrested for adultery, or maybe they had to ask a possible adulterous priest to marry them.

maybe he had a black carpenter who ran away from the jobsite and ended up at Mose

I assume the men Fandino had boarded her with were now missing.

Maybe Mont comes up with all kinds of ideas to improve the situation and proposes them to his advisors, and every time, someone recalls a past story of where that idea already flopped. He finally gets a winner with the minted coins idea.

make sure to state it in a way to evoke the modern football rivalry between them.

have this girl run away from the lady because she was mean and Pringle wouldn't do anything about it.

This is how Juan Ignacio probably got to San Marcos.

see if you can find a current list of foreigners in SA during my timeframe.

the Africans can joke that Muslim poligamy could be reversed to where one woman can have three husbands.

let Mend see this so readers can see the value of innovation and the dismay of stifling it

This is how Montiano differed from his townspeople. He couldn't understand why they didn't think like that, and they couldn't understand why he didn't think like them.

maximize this connection to education! Make sure anyone who seeks to better their position in life uses education provided by God to do so.

this is in contrast to the hostility the Spaniards first encountered and the Calusas still maintained

caciques were probably waiting to welcome Montiano, but did any have to come from afar?

show the soldiers wailing about starvation while they eat more than we do now. Use terminology from today so readers can make easy comparisons.

this sounds like the Hastings farm ?slavery? system where workers are fed by charging to their future paycheck, which they never see because they are always in arears.

make sure to include this mention of Chile when discussing SA?s exemption of the anata so readers can feel more worldly-educated.

My word! These poor Indians are shot down at every entreprenurial opportunity they think of.

create a situation where even secular leaders respect the no work on Sunday rule for peons

Draw attention to this as a part of leadership quality

The Indians take rank just as seriously as the Spaniards. Make sure to show this happening

How did he get away with this?!

Make sure you show that lifestyles back then were not much different than modern America.

this is women and children

this is the same as what was happening to African slaves in Charles Town. Make sure to show it.

this might be what Juan Ignacio did!

This can happen to Tomas before signing on at St. Augustine. The pirates can drop him off there.

make sure one of Juan Ignacio?s visits gets this remark.

it would be good if Mend can have a blended household like this to expose the reader to the varieties of laborers.

This can be a formula for the plantation Mend was brought to or sold to

use these issues as examples of controversies in SA.

Let a disgruntled SA higher-up say this about Montiano's actions. See the Francsican threat of walkout (1682) that resulted in attempts at radical change.

this is what happens with any radical change, no matter how good the change would be. If radical is necessary, that means there are too many people who will rise up and oppose, and they will have valid reasons.

make sure to include Indian dances with religious censoring

Did dignitaries get greeted only by peons?

have a friar in SA storm around on feast days looking for people who skipped mass Inspiration music: Taylor Swift: Haters gonna hate hate hate? shake it off

Is this a French pirate? Https://books.google.com/books?id=YRM-RpBiyTEC&lpg=PA331&ots=Mjg_Gnzv5u&dq=fuentes%20st%20augustine%20gascon&pg=PA56#v=onepage&q=fuentes%20st%20augustine%20gascon&f=false

"vile"

Maybe Mont can have an argument with someone and then play it off for the Indians' sake.

show younger Indians exercising upward mobility.

have Mont lay down the law about foreign trade, and then ever so gradually start blurring the lines, to show that nothing works 100% black and white. Compromise is better.

have someone who hates the royal officials tell Mont this.

I guess Indian kids went to school while their parents went to work.

Make sure Juan Ignacio finds or learns about these sacred bones

This might be an actual office in town

OMG

Make sure the tavern talk includes this hero.

Have someone in the Marquez family voice this so the reader can see the class tensions

Collect all such quotes from forlorn governors and have Mont read them.

So they ARE the same?!

Tomas and Mend surely had paycheck deductions for a cofradia

Maybe an anonymous letter appears in SA, or the Crown responds to one.

I think the older people of SA who remembered Father Leturiondo would tear up remembering him and missing him.

This means someone is sitting on top of graves during church

Maybe Mend is a fly on the wall while the treasurers discuss issues like this.

show an altar boy (Jesse Fish? Hypolito?) in the background going around collecting the wax drippings after a ceremony for recycling

Does this mean the treasurer cannot be counted on to add correctly?

Mend can insist on paying full price for a freed slave's burial, even though the church offers to do it at slave cost

have Jesse or Hypolito get in trouble for using yellow wax on the altar

did all the Governers do this? Leturiondo did it, too

Make sure to do this every time a ship arrives.

have Mont be given this perk.

this would be a good project for Mend to work on to expose readers to the origins of what would become a brutal crop for later runaways.

let Mend see this so readers can see the value of innovation and the dismay of stifling it

this might be how it went by the time my story comes along

have Tomas? friends do this.

his duties may have begun as peace cow-boy, then got ugly with failed and then heavy rice cultivation. Ex. New Barbadian master gets rich from cows but dies of malaria, then new owner goes into debt for negroes and fails at rice cultivation and sells Mend, then new owner goes into debt for negroes and gets rich, then leaves abusive overseer in charge.

This means other expeditions might have been led by Indians with Spanish subordinates

Use this to touch on the modern debate of gun control.

use this scene to show normal life at SA Indian villages

Make sure to highlight the difference between Spanish Indians capturing slaves for local use vs. English Indians capturing slaves for sale abroad.

did this take place before Bloody Mose?

have a planter order Mend and other slaves to clear a field and burn the wood, only to find out soon after that it was sellable.

let Mend see this so readers can see the value of innovation and the dismay of stifling it

You MUST read this!

make readers salivate for hot chocolate

Was this who Jaen was accused of feeding?

this means Mend made the same amount of money as the priest; he would feel economically on par in his housing budget and probably wanted to be treated as such

make Menendez (or someone) be one of these people, whose descendents would be here today

Mend needs to be pass African rice fields and be taken to a slave ship that is also buying rice to show the reader that Africans already knew how to grow rice.

this needs to be a tavern debate.

Maybe Juan Ignacio was captured and sold as a slave, escaped, couldn't find his Uchise tribe, and was adopted by the Yamasee.

You need to read this!

Maybe the pharmacist had something for Tomas, and so they knew each other and chatted in line at the treasury for their paychecks.

maybe Tomas made a stop at Ais while he was a sailor.

this can be how Mend meets Nairne and learns news of the colony; maybe he tries to use his sprouting reading skills by snooping in the letters.

maybe they tried this knowing about Indians gathering rice growing wild in the woods.

Mend can be sent by his master to trade with Indians, then Nairne recruits him as a guide to Pocotaligo

Mend can illustrate every boy's dream of running away and living in the wild with the Indians.

Mend can hear about this an a way for runaways to survive on their own.

Make sure Mont sees this report, and maybe it?s still accurate. Maybe Tomas is one of the aimless artillerymen

this could be Juan Ignacio?s position

who took notes for Indian councils?

Maybe Montiano and residents resent the Yamassee for changing alliances, but then Montiano realizes they did it in search of safety and stability

this is a ceremony performed to greet visitors and dignitaries. See Gallay: Indian Slave Trade

SA must have had grenadiers!

this can be what happened to Juan Ignacio's mother

Does grenade thrower mean mortar?

Make sure this fear and awe shows up when Montiano questions the veterans of this war, so it shows a long-forgotten reason the town has succumbed to appeasing the English.

Isn't this Fuentes' old rival?

Find a way to illustrate this? maybe people making excuses and pretensions about their mates.

Maybe this is Juan Ignacio's mother

Maybe Ayala tells this story as an old man at the tavern.

This is the point where the 1740 siege differs! The land party didn?t make it past Fort Mose, thanks to the Africans fighting back. Otherwise, the story would have repeated history.

Does this mean a brigantine can get through the inlet?

make this attack the introduction to Juan Ignacio. He is orphaned in the attack, and the tribe moves to Saint Augustine, where he is cared for by the friar.

hopefully there?s an example of this to show wasted government spending like today.

have him or someone tell this story of how you can work your way up even in a monarchy.

Maybe Ayala tells this story as an old man at the tavern.

maybe you should leave the allegiance of Yamasee a mystery, open for a future book to solve.

Mend could be one of his slaves.

try to find the one in 1737 for Montiano!

Juan Ignacio must have no idea who he is. Both the Uchizes and the Yamasee were brutal and disloyal. Make him ashamed of his heritage and shy and lonely because of it. Let the Spanish authorities love him, and let the reader love him through them, but he can?t appreciate that love because it makes him a sellout to his race.

Have this girl show up in Charleston while Mend is there.

make sure to put something like this in Montiano?s term.

Someone can tell this tale to Mend when Marquez leaves him in charge of his smaller ranch.

Mend definitely needs to know and love this guy because he later gets to adopt a similar name. Also, readers need good reminders of the good that servants of God are doing.

Have Mend be visiting Le Jau and overhear Johnson saying this to Le Jau.

Have someone tell Mont this as he takes the job so he becomes dedicated to the cause, and then continue to be frustrated like his predecessors by New Spain taking Florida for granted.

Mend should know this guy to bring him to life for the reader before killing him at Pocotaligo

Maybe Mont runs across this letter and is inspired to broadcast the invitation to slaves.

Juan Ignacio must have answered this question a thousand times. Maybe he changed his answer for security reasons so much that he lost his sense of heritage.

maybe the book title should be ?Sanctuary City.?

Maybe Mend never quite let go of SC until Le Jau died. Maybe he thought Le Jau could/would help him get more runaways out, or maybe give Mend another chance at a good life in SC or elsewhere.

Does this mean Juan Ignacio and/or the Yamasee spoke Ibaja instead of Timucuan?

What!? After they duped them in the Yamassee War?

out of context? The Christian Indians didn?t seem to have Christian last names. However, Juan Ignacio was ?de los reyes,? of the king?s. Maybe this meant he was a slave. Maybe he was captured, with or without his parent(s), in battle with the Uchises. This would be yet another example of Shades of Free

maybe Juan Ignacio is with one of these tribes and sees the disappointment of Spain not being able to follow through, and sees many Indians give up and go look for a safer territory.

Maybe Juan Ignacio has a further identity crisis as his Franciscan padres are falling from grace.

Mend needs to be a part of this somehow, so he can see how hopeless these attempts were.

Is this MMII?

he was 64 years old at this time!

make sure to have some boat-making going on over there!

this might be how Tomas met Poppy; Poppy might have commissioned shipping on Tomas? ship, and Tomas was the caretaker of the first order; after that, Poppy placed personal orders from Havana directly through Tomas.

point this out loud and clear ? books are VALUABLE.

Tomas and Mend and other locals accommodating this no problem, until Mont finds out and cracks down on it.

out of context? Maybe Tomas was the only willing person to answer the call for Canary Islanders to settle Apalache, and since a group never formed, he made his way over on his own as a seaman. Maybe he was on the ships between Havana and Apalache, and was always interested in following through on the settlement, but was waiting till it was safer. Then he ended up in SA with Francesca?s family and could not get them to go over there.

Men needs to meet one of these people

All these Cubans say they can?t make the voyage, but that was Tomas? job for a while. Maybe he can dread being called back for ship duty

it appears the Indians were the most ?free? of the three ethnicities.

Interesting. This meant the Gonzalez house belonged to Francesca more than Tomas.

is this how locals referred to Mend?

he must have taken pride that Mend was captain, or even orchestrated it. Maybe he used the black militia as armed farm hands.

Have people misjudge the officials as greedy recipients of an unfair system, and then get slapped with the realities that it's expensive to be an official, and it also requires EDUCATION that others dismiss.

Mend must have known all these benefits and that?s why he asked for the proprietorship of the militia.

make sure Mend sees his own cost analysis taking place

Make sure your book jives with these overall analyses from Bushnell, Landers, Worth, and any other living expert.

It sounds more like Brims' son was trying to circumvent his father.

maybe news of this spread like gossip and inspired Mend to work on the Cubo line himself.

They thought they could provide new leadership, and the One True Faith to these people, and get rich in the process

align this with American immigration laws: get legal or give up your freedom

this personal choice can be part of Benavides' decision and announcement to auction the runaways back into slavery. Maybe he offered them the choice to return to their English owners or be auctioned back into slavery in St. Augustine, and they all chose St. Augustine. Maybe Mend also bumped into this when he tried to recruit runaways from the wilderness; some chose to take a chance with the Spanish and some thought all whites are alike.

Maybe Mend gets posted at a village.

Yamasee?

the crucifix would (?) be in the 1740 church also. This article describes a church scene: ?The Spanish Return,? p.145 in The Oldest City.

this must be where Mend was living before Mose.

maybe this was Pujoy!

maybe this is why SA was always broke! Maybe Marquez should say that, or maybe it should wait until the reader is thoroughly sympathetic with the poor Floridians, only to find out that there was a reason for it right in the lap of the whiners, as usual today.

Charles Tingley said he was caught embezzling.

This can be Jesse Fish and Hypolito

Mad Dog?

Have Mend read this to the Mose crowd and cheers erupt that are heard outside the village.

Have Mend be among the search party and see them clasping each other.

Have Mend read this series to the Mose crowd and laughter erupts.

why do they say this when the Charter signature says 6/9/1732?

have Mend read this and a disgruntled, still-enslaved Mose resident consider returning to SC.

this is how I felt as an out-of-field teacher.

this 1738 list can be Juan Ignacio's assignment sheet for canvassing

The Mose residents would have wanted to hear these notices more than anything because they left behind family and friends there.

This had to be Juan Ignacio

Was Tomochichi Uchize? Maybe he knew Juan Iganacio's origins and told him. Maybe he was the escort to get Juan Ignacio into the Federica camp on friendly terms.

Have Mend read these updates to the Mose residents, then Parris finally shows up in SA

Have Mend try to convince Quash to come to SA but he wouldn't.

Have Mend know Quash from youth and see this story while reading the Gazette to Mose residents. Others remember him, too. Maybe Mend even tried to recruit Quash in the seven years he was free, but Quash saw that SA lied about freeing slaves and wouldn't come.

Have Mend purchase Gazette copied from Davis, and Mont relies on Mend for the Charleston news

Maybe Mont knew Moral in his army days, or admired him when he went to visit him in prison.

Tomas? relatives!

I bet tons of residents LOVED this idea, and hated Montiano for cracking down on it.

Have Poppy act like these are the good days, and tell outlandish (but true) stories of how bad they had it when he was a kid. For example, he can talk about his pet dog or cat, then admit the family had to eat it; like Yvette Coons having to eat her pet rooster. Poppy tells the Gonzales children, "You don't know how good you have it."

have Mend have a young girlfriend named Filledy before he ran away, then he sees her name associated with the meanest slaveowner in Carolina, which fuels his fury at Bloody Mose

let this be a surprise that Montiano finds out. He thinks he is revealing new news about SA's incompetence, only to find out that the same reports had been filed by Moral and Arredondo.

I thought these were one and the same position!

The Africans might have known some of these people from SC (like Davis) and laughed or hid from them.

Mend and other Africans could have brought this to SA.

Juan Ignacio?

Who converted English pounds to pesos?

why wouldn't they tell?

Maybe Montiano asks Ortego where he got this information to determine its accuracy, but Ortega just grins and says it is accurate because he is a historian. This is an opportunity to teach students (and gullible political types) to "consider the source."

Maybe Montiano realizes this after reading this document, that he cannot fight for a written latitude but rather a relationship with natives. Maybe he asks Juan Ignacio for his perception of why the other tribes won't come into the Spanish fold.

I would guess they did go blue because:

Mend was probably one of them

that's like today!

Isn't this what Montiano was, too? Did they look down on him?

Maybe Juan Ignacio was part of this.

Make sure Father Via repeats this to Montiano.

I bet this was Juan Ignacio's job.

like Leturiondo?

Maybe Mont and Moral knew each other as simultaneous captains of grenadiers

produced with cheap slave labor

maybe Catalina?s new boyfriend is a transplant or son of

Maybe Espinosa loses a slave this way and hires Mend or Juan Ignacio to go find him.

You must use this ironic slaver's name "Savage," importing enslaved savages

Privilege slaves for the captain?

Have Mend see this go down while on an errand to Wragg's

maybe one of the runways arriving at Mose was a free woman who couldn't make it under Charlestown's increasing racism.

Get this letter!

This means Mend got no part of the situado, except probably people paying him for past work.

I am typing this on March 11, 2017, 280 years later. It is a sunny, chilly (68deg), blustery day here. Maybe Tomas was assigned to accompany Justis on this errand.

this must have been a sight. Justis must not have felt safe using any place in town to sort things out.

Maybe Moral can illustrate how power can corrupt good people. Have someone, the Indians, or people in general, marvel that Moral used to be such a great guy.

Tomas?

This might have alarmed Mend, as the lawful structure of SA might fall apart and start to resemble Goose Creek.

Maybe he tried to persuade Juan Ignacio to escort him to Georgia.

see if you can find this residencia.

I feel Moral?s frustration. Maybe he is utterly convinced and convincing to the reader that it is impossible to obey all the Spanish requirements in faraway, neglected SA, and it begins to look like that as Montiano?s situation gets more bleak. But Montiano does not give up on the process, and at the last moment, his faith in his country comes through for him.

they opened the ?Spanish belly? for English to set up camp.

Have Mont continue assuming these people exist in SA and continue getting informed they do not. Then, just when he finally assumes no such person exists and moves forward without even asking, he is chastised to find out that oddball position did exist and he bypassed the person.

This is in stark contrast to the Africans, who HAD to be enterprising in order to survive, since they were not receiving government paychecks or subsidy. Maybe Mend craved moving to Cuba when he found out they had enterprise there.

maybe this is an endearing thing to some outsiders, like Pavones is to foreigners.

maybe there?s still a friar lingering around convinced the mission era will come alive again.

Hypolito might be one of these boys.

this is why the Indians also lost-disunity against a more powerful force.

Make it a lesson that full civil incorporation is the only thing that would have kept the Indians on the Spaniards? side. The friars paved the way into the Indians? lives with gifts per the Christian mode of ?feed my people,? but then made disciples of them by living and working side by side with them. The government stopped at the gifts and alliances part, excluding other races from full Spanish citizenship. That?s why the Indians never became loyal.

It had to be military vs. metropolitan because of the constant interactions with enemies, which didn?t happen to the more secure Spanish colonies.

Make sure to have a scene showing Mont handling military issues in a way that awes the reader, then flopping miserably in civic issues.

point this out loudly so every financially dependent person?especially welfare recipients?feels like a mooch when they read this. Also, make it loud and clear that Florida could have flourished if the Africans and Indians were given full citizenship such that enemy Indians did not accept bribes to wipe out Florida?s attempts at industry ? rather, they would have taken part in the economic opportunities. Maybe a friar or Juan Ignacio can voice this insight after seeing it in action. Juan Ignacio can witness an argument between Old Brims and his nephew, where the nephew just wants to chase European handouts, and Brims knows it?s a losing mentality of dependence.

maybe this was because it wasn?t doing its job. The water route along the Florida coast was still so dangerous that the situado got stolen and some officials from Cuba wouldn?t even chance making the trip.

have Mont fall for this mentality in the beginning, but by the end he learns to cultivate free enterprise despite legal and moral conflicts

the townspeople need to complain loudly about the Indians being financially dependent, all the while having their own hands out to the governor

Have Poppy tell a tall tale of when the treasure fleet stopped at St. Augustine. Have Jesse and Hypolito try to camp out on Anastasia Island to see the fleet go by.

maybe this can be growing and wiped out when Oglethorpe comes along.

this must be how the Gonzalez family got their house. Maybe Tomas married above his rank

apparently the Queen worked on Christmas Eve back then.

this must be the reason for Juan Ignacio's last name.

highlight this as a way to handle immigration - immigrants need an American sponsor.

did FMMII agree with his father on this point?

make sure to show Marquez forking out money on behalf of Mend so much that readers feel the expense and value of a slave. He actually does die destitute. He can be an example of the pressures of American men to keep up with status expenses in order to be a man.

have Mont crack down on this illegal practice to show the distinction between Indians and Africans.

make sure to show this on Tomas? paycheck to show readers that they had the same government benefits then as now.

pharmacist

have Juan Ignacio try to convince Indians that the Spanish king will hear their petitions

have this be one reason for an Indian attack.

Maybe Tomas or Mont can experience this. Maybe he tries to bring his own horse and they hit unseasonable bad weather.

yes, she said bred, not breed

try to tie the special showmanship of horses together with the modern display of them in the use of carriage horses.

did they do it anyway, or was this a practice that stopped when forbidden?

like the U.S. federal agents had to periodically qualify for gun skills

Show the extra income potentials and have Mend pursue this avidly throughout the book, showing modern readers the hidden benefits of pursuing higher positions.

have one of these officials threaten Mont with this.

this sounds like the bond is a document that contains a section for backers' signatures.

use this term

Jospogue probably had one

this could be the dowry Poppy gave Tomas, so Tomas got a plaza and they were able to afford a coquina house

This must be what Mend wanted to do.

have Mont find a few of these abuses when he counts his able-bodied men on the payroll.

there was a rule against this?!

have an all-out civil war inside the Castillo just before the sally to Mose, each faction screaming the worthlessness of the others. That?s when Mont has a few start singing the hymn with him.

this is how Tomas, Mend, and Juan Ignacio can be side-by-side.

have the treasurer read off all the deductions before giving Tomas the tiny bit left of his paycheck.

out of context? Have Mont learn of the normal position of steward ? maybe Guemes advises him so, or maybe he finds it in the Recopilacion - and need and send for that person, only to be told that SA does not have one.

put this monthly task on Montiano?s agenda. Make sure they throw some stuff into the sea. Maybe Mend asks for some of the discards.

this is out of context? When Mend gained his freedom, he went from being supported to supporting himself. Marquez probably gave him some paid work, but Mend would have to hustle to be self-sufficient enough to build a house, run the militia, and have a family. This is the hustle that welfare recipients like George have to muster up to. Play it up so readers like him are inspired to make a go of it.

out of context? Have Mont be shocked and appalled that there are Creoles on the soldier payroll. Have him try to enforce the law by refusing the position to Creole applicants (like Hypolito?), but then when he needs more men, the ones they round up in Cuba have to be kept in jail so they don?t dodge the draft to Florida. Then Mont appreciates the Creole soldiers.

this can take place when Gov. Moral goes missing.

have Castilla find documents that show Marquez Menendez?s advice to be biased or hiding things.

this surely refers to TePaske saying so. Take a lesson from this ? no matter how true I think something is, I have no idea what?s buried in the AGI that refutes it. Approach everything as a story compiled from others? claims.

have someone say this at Mont?s junta.

Mont?s visita would be quite local.

have Mont get introduced to the wall set (9 volumes) of Recopilacion volumes as his instruction manual that he must read in order to do his job right. It looms over him like an angry god every time he doesn't know how to handle something, until he finally starts looking into it. Then, he has to read passages several times and cross-reference, just like a good reader must. Just READ, PEOPLE!

Mont surely had to consider this.

have someone who hates the royal officials tell Mont this.

for origins of slaves, see Black Majority Ch. 2

maybe Mose had a council house where these matters were discussed.

Floridanos certainly had to feel constrained by place, due to the expense they had in their strong homes as well as the job security and protection they had from the Spanish government; by contrast, the Indians and Africans would not feel comfortable investing much in a permanent structure home because they were always aware of the possibility of having to run to a safer place when the European power shifted.

these are the positions taken by maroons that Menenedez was sent to recruit from. He would have to pitch the pros and cons of their option to join the Spanish.

Maybe Tomas has a discussion with someone about slave vs. paid labor. One or the other says, "I'm glad they got freed. That's cheap labor, there. I can't afford to buy a whole slave. I could buy me (___) for that."

align this with immigrants to America getting legal rights as soon as they get citizenship, while existing Americans don't think it's fair. It's just a national policy of freedom, just like Spain had with the decree. Also, maybe a slave in St. Augustine repeatedly runs away hoping to get sanctuary, but it only applies to runaways from English colonies. Maybe he even asks how long he'd have to be an English slave to qualify for the sanctuary. But Mend and the other slaves warn him it's not worth it because he'd likely die at the hands of the English.

what determined class?

When?

"Disciplined"?

contrast this with the English plantations breaking families apart.

While Juan Ignacio and Mend are out recruiting from Indian villages, they can encounter a much-wanted runaway who chooses to stay with the Indians because he wants to marry the chief's widow, or someone else.

Ignacio (or Yamasee) could get teased by other Indians calling him a rabbit for clinging to the Spaniards

have Mend hesitate in running away because he was trusted with great responsibility and he wants to be trustworthy. He then spends the rest of his life trying to prove he is trustworthy.

assumes one of these dates because the first is the date on the following ?LIST OF NAVAL SIGNALS, AND VARIOUS DIRECTIONS, FOR THE EXPEDITION AGAINST GEORGIA? written by Guemes and dated March 1738. The second is the date Guemes wrote the appointment of general command to Montiano.

assumed this date because it is the date on the following ?LIST OF NAVAL SIGNALS, AND VARIOUS DIRECTIONS, FOR THE EXPEDITION AGAINST GEORGIA,? and because it explains why Echevarria is named as commander rather than Montiano.

change Sulayman's name to a Mandinka day name

Why is this letter written???

finish translating this in the Primary Sources-Indian file

Ais

ambergris?

Mont must have had this advantage with Castilla.

Mont probably did this to free the slaves.

how old was Mont?

this is after my time period/after the sugar plantatocracy arose there

in SA this could be free blacks parading and enslaved blacks admiring and gifting.

maybe have Mont sees this guy head out to trade illegally with the English and he just disappears. Maybe Mont. considers him a defector. Then he shows up in Cuba 2 years later

Maybe Montiano is disgusted with the Indians' reluctance to fight, then he realizes that he took the job of governor partially because he was tired of fighting, just like the Indians

Compliment John Worth for repeating explanations (i.e. Castilla) so the reader doesn't have to scan back to figure out who/what he's referring to.

Maybe Montiano asks Castillo if any of those six veterans are still alive, or anyone else who was; Maybe he goes and visits all the old people, and maybe he finds some at the tavern.

this can be where Montiano realizes he can be fired by NOT fighting for the province, and also judged by his own subordinates.

Maybe Montiano learns that the original Yamassee were taken in by the Spanish as refugees but then turned on the Spanish, so he wonders bitterly why they are now being protected in St. Augustine (where Juan Ignacio is staying with them)

Maybe Montiano asks Ortego where he got this information to determine its accuracy, but Ortega just grins and says it is accurate because he is a historian. This is an opportunity to teach students (and gullible political types) to "consider the source."

Maybe Montiano realizes this after reading this document, that he cannot fight for a written latitude but rather a relationship with natives. Maybe he asks Juan Ignacio for his perception of why the other tribes won't come into the Spanish fold.

Mend can be excited about these people making it to SA because they speak Spanish.

this is just like Oglethorpe?s plan for Georgia!

Mend can be forced to do this as a teenager on someone who protected him and be traumatized by it, but keep it a secret till the climax; until then, it looks like he was a killer for no reason

make Menendez (or someone) be one of these people, whose descendents would be here today

is this a typo? 233/2230

assumes Menendez bought the supplies on credit from Davis because Davis cited him as a debtor:

put page separations back in and show Mont getting a new piece of paper, sometimes having to search for one.

It must have gone something like this:

Describe this as a silent snake with black, white, and red sections.

this is what Tracy was taught in the self-defense class.

Independence Day!

Have Mend read these accounts to the Mose residents during meetings, till they start to recognize some names, and one of them becomes an ongoing comical saga of a character who keeps showing up in the Gazette for running away and black marketing, then finally shows up in SA, only to defect back to the English after the battle at Mose because he got away with a lot more there.

Marquez could be mocked for his attempt to claim his ancestors' riches and ownership of all the wild cattle. He could be a character of lofty claims and dementia.

Jospogue?

Maybe Castillo or Montiano get meloncholy and go visit the grave of Fuentes (If it's there)

Maybe Montiano learns that the original Yamassee were taken in by the Spanish as refugees but then turned on the Spanish, so he wonders bitterly why they are now being protected in St. Augustine (where Juan Ignacio is staying with them)

maybe this is why the Spaniards didn't help the Yamassee during Palmer's 1728 attack

Have Mend read the SCG to get the back-story on newly arrived runaways. In this case, he would suspect Lancaster of being a nare-do-well. Lancaster can deny it, then get caught in the tavern anyway. Then he can argue that the Smiths confiscated everything he earned, saved, or bought, so he resorted to only spending his money on pleasure.

extreme poverty. Francisco was poor!

refer to this when he asks for a raise.

maybe this is how Mend got captured.

when did government house become inhabitable?

This might be why Mont was motivated to adhere to the letter of the law; not just believing in his country, but also or more so hoping for promotion.

remember to have back stories for any forced laborers in SA. This apparently differs from convicts.

let this be a lesson to people who think our country and government should be tied to the church.

Bring this to light as a parallel to today's sanctuary city controversy.

This must have happened to Espinosa's cattle

How did this play out? Did Juan Ignacio struggle with this?

Mend can struggle with his identity based on the English forcing one name on him, the Indians not knowing what to call him, and the Spanish forcing another name on him. He can show his choice of being a Spanish subject by embracing the Spanish name.

have a slave get named Hagar by an English person and then get laughed at by an African.

This is something Mend would do from the Yamassee and even SA

Mend should be at the port on a regular basis seeing the volume of slaves increase over the years.

maybe have Mont sees this guy head out to trade illegally with the English and he just disappears. Maybe Mont. considers him a defector. Then he shows up in Cuba 2 years later

? this is a pitch for people to settle and/or invest in the startup of Virginia. It relates to Mose because it?s before the English had ruined their reputation with the Indians. It shows the English justifying their land

Jamestown?

Compliment John Worth for repeating explanations (i.e. Castilla) so the reader doesn't have to scan back to figure out who/what he's referring to.

I just included this review under Fernandez Florez because I didn't want to add this reviewer as a source.

Maybe Mont meets Arredondo in Havana before he leaves for SA.

Did residents really go into the fort?

At Government House, the display says the Oglethorpe troops never got close enough to force the residents into the fort??

The 1793 date is in the signature at the end.

Have Mont think poorly of Juan Ignacio and then get surprised by Guemes' instructions to use him. Maybe Juan appears to be a shady sloth, like a pothead.

This card is in the online file for 1560.

This card is in the online file for 1560.

This card is included in SAHS copy on microfilm at UF with different verbiage.

This card is labeled 1735 but contained in the 1738 online file.

This card is labeled 1743 but found in the online file for 1746.

This card is not in SAHS.

This card is one spot out of order in the online file.

This card skips 1/10/1750 in SAHS; 1/13/1750 is there with slightly different verbiage.

This card skips 1/14/1750 in SAHS.

I typed this from the card is in SAHS's copy of the Stetson calendar. However, the card is not in the copy at UF, and the letter is not on either microfilm roll within two weeks of the date. See email from Charles Tingley 9/22/17.

Juan is constantly invited to live like an Indian. Many people crave the simple life, such as the surfers who move to villages in the Caribbean and open yogo studios in the dirt. Why doesn't everybody do that? If they are willing to live without creature comforts, they might. However, Juan gradually discovers the reality that those people are at the mercy of the more powerful societies. The Indians lost their independence, and so will anyone who tries to live like them.

Have the Spaniards be lulled into thinking the English must have some legitimate claim to Georgia because they act so confident about their encroachment. Nobody reads the history to know the truth except Arredondo, who goes crazy trying to get people to believe that Spain really did have legitimate occupation of Georgia until English encroachment. Make it a lesson about the value of learning history, and also about how capitalist greed can overpower passive pawns.

Have Montiano HATE reading, like many modern students and people. He is given Barcia's book as orientation, but procrastinates on reading it. This comes back to bite him when he starts believing the English have rights to GA just because of their confidence in it. When Arredondo finally calls him out on not reading the Barcia book, and he is ordered to compile his own report, Montiano finds out he was wrong about many things, and made many bad decisions, for lack of doing his homework.

This can be how Tomas gets to SA

Make this supposed decree stand out as a mystery document and outrageous lie.

Why didn't Benavides go in person as ordered?

Hit gaslighting here!

Get Oglethorpe's letter!

Make sure Arredondo tells Mont of this meeting and agreement with Oglethorpe.

Gaslighting again.

Mont might have a copy of this pamphlet.

Have Mont and/or Arredondo marvel at the English way of twisting facts: "We did not say to ENCOURAGE them, we said not to DISCOURAGE them."

Have Mend marvel at the castle. Have someone lament to Mont about the magnificent church that once stood in SA.

Have Arredondo show Mont a copy of this map and let them read the annotations which conflict with Spanish understanding of the boundaries.

Mend needs to be one of these!

They had insurance back then!

Make sure to emphasize the ratio of death to captive in slave raids. Maybe Pujoy is less aggressive about finding his family because he's so thankful they were not killed.

No Indian men are mentioned?

Show this happening once, so that all the other examples of it have impact!

Have someone say this.

Make sure wampum shows up in Juan Ignacio's experience.

Put chapter titles in the timeline so they show up in searches when I need to go back to a topic in its original context.

Josh told me Kayla considered hiring his financial management services, then shrugged it off saying, "We'll always be hood-rich." I guess that means they stay broke and in debt because they spend all their money on luxuries. Have some Indians live in squalor but strut around town in fancy clothes.

This means not all trade cargo was brought into Charleston.

This can be Mend's job! Show the Assembly balking at Nairne using a negro and Indian.

This can be Mend's job. Have him be a trader's slave instead of farm hand so this book will not be the same old slave story.

Show Mend assisting with robberies of trade routes.

The Indian slavery side of this book is a replica of African slavery. It's an opportunity to re-tell the war-captive version of slavery in a new light. Most people don't think about the war-captive part of African slavery, let alone the Wag The Dog part that Europeans played.

Show this stuff! This might be how Juan Ignacio is Uchise by birth: his mother was captured in a slave raid, ravished by a Uchise, and escaped to a Guale village. Maybe she died during childbirth, being too young.

It would be great if Mend can see this argument go down at Le Jau's house.

Mend MUST see this happen at the slave market!

Was Juan Ignacio Salchichi?

Nairne's burning is counterpoint to the one I had him dismiss to Le Jau.

This is an awesome example of karma coming back on the traders instigating inter-Indian wars.

These must be the two that escaped Pocotaligo.

Mend probably knew some of Pight's negro company. Maybe he was one of Brim's scouts. Maybe he approached the negro company.

Make sure to include this Indian comment on the need for war to get slaves to buy guns and clothes.

If Yamasee were here, Mend could have been here.

The English already thought Spanish and French were encroaching.

Remember this as an example of what burdeners get paid. Maybe Mend sees Indians wearing stockings and they got them honestly by burdening.

Indian attacks on trade caravans? Must be Mend and the Yamassee

Have Le Jau express his description of the barbaric Carolinians, then have the Yamasee tell Nairne that Charles Town harbors a species of pirates/wild animals called traders.

This can be laughable to us nowadays, as the American Revolution was to throw off royal government. Let Mend hear this debate going on, such that he develops a sense of security in the idea of a king being in charge.

This MUST be who owned Mend, and loaned him to Nairne! It would make the 1728 Yamasee attack more powerful to Mend.

This is proof that GA was meant as anti-French, not anti-Spanish.

The BOT said continued possession trumps charters.

England feared the French would squeeze between SA and SC.

Benavides said SA only held seven runaway slaves from SC.

Highlight the English losing because of disunity within one race and the Spanish surviving because of unity of three races.

This comes soon after the Assembly voted to win back the Yamasee alliance (Smallwood 7/23/1727).

Brims was not wily. He was wise. Hopefully I can make him a wrinkled old hero, like Yoda.

Let this be Juan Ignacio's introduction to the world of Indian messenger. He can be enchanted with Brims as a veritable Lord, with no possessions, like Jesus.

Looks like Brims should be a book of his own in my series.

Out of context: Juan Ignacio can adopt a childlike version of Brims' philosophy: Can't we all be friends? That's how he gets accepted into the conversation with soldiers at Frederica. They are suspicious of him at first, but the conversation becomes a forum for Juan to sort through his feelings, and end up at that question. The soliders burst out laughing and hug him, like a na?ve child they are entertained by. Maybe Brims or Tomochichi tells Juan that one can only achieve that kind of wisdom with age. Juan develops a personal goal of enlightenment simply through old-age. When he dies, he is sad that he missed out on it.

Wow! The Spanish and Yamasee attempts to clear the English out of GA actually resulted in MORE English coming to GA!

This is the GOOD side of capitalism. Free trade for all. In business, let the best products at the best prices win. It's why FL couldn't keep Indian alliances either. However, SC's version failed because it wasn't regulated enough to prevent corruption and violence. Is regulation necessary to prevent tyrants and dictators and puppet populations, or should we wait for the long process of self-correction?

Juan Ignacio starts out as a young Guale who thinks he is supposed to act like the Yamasee hotheads and be eager for border forays. But he doesn't really have the drive, and feels defective and wimpy. Nevertheless, he tries to play the part, and says weird and stupid things simply because he's not clear on it. Then he gets to sit in Indian councils, which always begin with elaborate commitments of peace for the sake of communication, regardless of how hostile the message may be. Then he gets to be in a formal council with Brims, and he is forever changed by Brims' statement of wanting to maintain peace with all Europeans, though not among Indians. Brims maintains his hostility against Cherokee, etc. Juan Ignacio, knowing he is blood related to enemy Yuchi, wishes the Indians would establish peace as well. He spends the rest of his life seeking peace among all nations, which becomes a secret that he has to hide from Montiano. The more he approaches enemies with a desire for peace, the safer he feels, and the more hospitality he receives. He hopes to get the nerve to approach the Yuchi and ask about his relatives and heritage, but then he keeps hearing of another disturbing example of their meanness.

If only the Yamasee and Spanish knew how important the Yamasee were! Did great opportunities get missed here from them thinking they were worthless?

Remember that Indians seem to call councils "talks."

This says Indians gathered in the town house as a nightly custom: "On the night of March 23 the Indians were assembled as usual in the townhouse."

"Even though substantial discount be made for Cuming's exuberance, the eccentric Scot had evidently appealed to the dramatic instincts of the Indians, and had made a notable impression at a crucial moment in their relations with the English. "

Try to get someone to say his proposal of massive Jewish exportation and British national debt! "A chronic projector, his schemes ranged from a plan for banks to support the colonial currencies to an absurd proposal to payoff the British national debt by settling three hundred thousand Jewish families in the Cherokee mountains."

Cherokee were promised reward for return of runaway slaves.

"A member of the S.P.G., and later deputy-governor of the Royal African Company, his interests ran as strongly towards the development of the colonies as towards social reform in England."

Oglethorpe was involved in the slave trade AND SPG!?

Have Nairn bring a price list to Pocotaligo, but illustrate it with one set of each item, with small strips of deerskin to represent full buck skin counts. Have Sue get the task of cutting up the deerskin patches and laying out the items for display.

Make sure this is in the book! Or something like it.

Make sure to use this one! Maybe Mont's brother is struggling with faith and confiding in Mont via secret letters.

Indians eat the heart of the enemy for courage.

Pocotaligo Massacre details here.

Mend would have to scalp someone to earn the label of brave.

Show this story of the trader throwing his employee to the wolves.

Make sure to have a few English people refer to Indians as Americans.

Mend may have gotten exhausted by the Indian's constant pursuit of blood revenge. He might have just wanted to live and work in peace.

Have some peasant warn Tovar that crows will sit on his house.

Make sure the Indian houses are facing the correct direction.

Have Mend get exluded from burial ceremonies, but spy on them and get in trouble for it.

Mend, Juan, anyone going in the woods needs to see these memorial stone heaps.

Have Mend and/or Juan Ignacio get attracted to a widow, then get denied because of the mourning law. Maybe Mend swears he will wait the prescribed time, then ends up going to SA before it comes.

Living in an Indian village must be constantly disturbing to hear the widows wailing every morning.

Adair says Spaniards thought Chickasaw are Chichimecos

Adair says Spaniards invented Indian empires; Indians say "every one is promoted only by public virtue, and has his equals in civil and marital affairs"

We are told, that the South American Indians have a firm hope of the resurrection of their bodies, at a certain period of time ; and that on this account they bury their most valuable treasures with their dead, as well as the most useful conveniencies for future domestic life, such as their bows and arrows : And when they saw the Spaniards digging up their graves for gold and silver, they requested them to forbear scattering the bones of their dead in that manner, lest it should prevent their being raised and united again. [Amy! Make sure an Indian is in agony over this!

We are also told, that the men in Mexico sat down, and the women stood, when they made water, which is an universal custom among our North-American Indians.

Use the scene with the Indian queen as an example of the English disrespect.

Percipacious: Juan Ignacio can attack the trend of people making incorrect assumptions by using it to trick them. Like Iago, he can predict and set them up for an incorrect assumption (spy missions), then just roll with it as they make up their own version of reality. He's really good at it, but he doesn't like himself for the dishonesty of it, but really, they're bringing it on themselves.

As the Indians have no public faith to secure the lives of friendly messengers in war-time, their wars are perpetuated from one generation to another, unless they are ended by the mediation of some neutral party.

Learn the whoop signals and firm countenance needed with Indians.

vis unita fortior latin for ?united strength is stronger.? Use this phrase twice with Juan Ignacio: First, an Indian wise man uses it to explain to Juan Ignacio why he won?t leave the Creek federation; then Juan Ignacio uses it the night of the Mose ambush to show an even bigger unity between the Indians, Spaniards, and Africans.

"an old war-leader retorted every paragraph he had spoken, and told him, that till then he always had reckoned the English a very wise people, but now he was sorry to find them unwise, in the most material point: adding, "You have made yourself very poor, by sweating, far and near, in our smoky town-houses and hot-houses, only to make a peace between us and the Cheerake, and thereby enable our young mad people to give you, in a short time, a far worse sweat than you have yet had, or may now expect. But, forasmuch as the great English chieftain in Charles Town, is striving hard to have it so, by ordering you to shut your eyes, and stop your ears, lest the power of conviction should reach your heart?I should be as mad as you, if I reasoned any more with one who is willfully blind and deaf." these old Indians are so very wise. Make sure every time they speak, it?s something so profound. And make sure every time there?s young warriors, they?re like ignorant, combative gang members, to show young people how downright stupid gang members and hotheads are.

"...when they had no red enemies to war with, to obtain higher war-titles by scalps" Perhaps this is as much a reason for scalping Spaniards as the money was.

each separate family at last consented to meet their enemies, at the time and place appointed by brotherly request, and there bury the bloody tomohawk under ground, and smoke together, out of the friendly white pipe.

?As the Indians have no public faith to secure the lives of friendly messengers in war-time, their wars are perpetuated from one generation to another, unless they are ended by the mediation of some neutral party.

It is usual for the women to sing the enlivening war song in the time of an attack; and it inflames the men's spirits so highly, that they become as fierce as lions. I never knew an instance of the Indians running off, though from a numerous enemy, and leaving their women and children to their barbarous hands.

Date inferred from English occupation (1763) and Adair's narrative endpoint.

They looked earnestly around, to see for the rest of my company, as it is very unusual for any of the traders, to take that journey alone.

As by chance, I walked near to one of them, he suddenly snatched up his gun. No friendly Indians were ever known to do the like, especially so near home, and a considerable camp of his own people: innocence is not suspicious, but guilt.

the bells of my horses, which were grazing near the camp, (used partly on account of the number of big flies that infest the country? open the bells again

usually staid late to barbicue the meat, when he killed much, as he could not otherways bring it to camp

he asked me, if I was not afraid to be at camp alone. I told him I was an English warrior, -- my heart was honest -- and as I spoiled nobody, why should I be afraid?

be sure to call them, by sounding the news-whoop? echoe the news-whoop

to avoid my being either intercepted on the path, or heard by the quick-ear'd savages, I went a quarter of a mile up the large cane swamp, and passed through it on a south west course, but very slow, as it was a dark thicket of great canes and vines, over-topped with large spreading trees. I seldom had a glimpse of any star to direct my course, the moon being then far spent. About an hour before day-light, I heard them from the top of an high hill, fire off a gun at camp

be sure to call them, by sounding the news-whoop...echoe the news-whoop

I pretended to have come from camp, only to confer with him, concerning the situation of Mobille path, and follow his advice, either to proceed on, or return home, being convinced so great a chieftain as he, who lived in defiance of the Muskohge on that remote barrier, must be a better judge, than any of those I had met

I thanked him for his friendly caution, and told him it should not fall to the ground

He reasoned upon it with strong natural good sense, and shewed me in his museum, the two red-painted scalps of the Muskohge who had murdered our people, and left them in contempt hanging like mangy dogs, with a horse's rope round each of their necks. He then shewed me the flourishing commissions he had received from both French and English

The French never so starved the public cause; and though they frequently gave sparingly, they bestowed their favours with a winning grace, and consummate wisdom

The Choktah, by not having deep rivers or creeks to purify themselves by daily ablutions, are become very irreligious in other respects, for of late years, they make no annual atonement for sin.

Nature has in a very surprising manner, endued the Indian Americans, with a strong comprehensive memory, and great flow of language.

he was then spitting very much, (a general custom with the Indians, when they are eager for any thing

that they continue singing hum um um : as their pipes are none of the weakest, the Indians by this means often are led to them from a considerable distance, and then shoot them down.

the crafty hunting dogs then act their part, by biting behind, and gnawing its hams

the she-bear always endeavours to keep apart from the male during the helpless state of her young ones; otherwise he would endeavour to kill them; and that they had frequently seen the she bear kill the male on the spot, after a desperate engagement for the defence of her young ones

I cannot help observing, that in imitation of some other rulers, he persuaded the Indians not to pay us any of our numerous out-standing debts, though contrary to what was specified in our trading licences. They have not courage enough to venture their own valuable lives to those red marts of trade; if they had, they would persuade the Indians rather to pay their debts honestly, year by year, as we trust them in their want, and depend on their promise and fidelity.

But as soon as the Indians understood they would not be credited again, under any circumstances whatsoever, they consented to pay their debts, and declared the Governor to be a great mad-man

French rewards offered either for our scalps or horses-tails; and as the French were usually short of goods, while Great Britain was at war with them, we were liable to most damages from them in time of peace

favourite wife of the warlike chieftain

The sharpness of his own feelings for the base injury he had received from the French, and the well-adapted presents we sent him and his wife and gallant associates, contributed greatly to give a proper weight to our embassy. Such motives as these are too often the mainsprings that move the various wheels of government, even in the christian world.

presents to me, as the representative of the English traders, and to my Chikkasah friends, consisting of swans-wings, white beads, pipes and tobacco

a great deal of that life, wit and humour, so peculiar to the red Americans

dangerous French snake

which ought to assure them, that whenever the English shaked hands with people, their hearts were always honest.

They gave presents to the head-men, and the most eloquent speakers of their country, to inslave the rest

They returned home extremely well pleased, echoed every thing they had seen and heard; and declared that the Chikkasah, in their daily dress, far exceeded the best appearance their country-men could make in the most showy manner, except those whom the French paid to make their lying mouths strong.

the Chikkasah and Choktah horses are Spanish barbs, and long winded, like wolves

It is surprising to see the long continued speed of the Indians in general -- though some of us have often ran the swiftest of them out of sight, when on the chase in a collective body, for about the distance of twelve miles; yet, afterward, without any seeming toil, they would stretch on, leave us out of sight, and out-wind any horse.

Seventeen were the broken days, according to the Indian phrase

in the time appointed by our sticks hieroglyphically painted, and notched

I was accompanied by my two cheerful and gallant Chikkasah friends, already mentioned, with forty of their chosen warriors, brave as ever trod the ground, and faithful under the greatest dangers even to the death. On our way down, escorting the returning cargo

he came up with a camp of Choktah, who seemed to treat him kindly, giving him venison and parched corn to eat: but while he was eating what some of the women had laid before him, one of the Choktah creeped behind him, and sunk his tomohawk into his head.

wooden urn, wherein the remains of their kinsman were inclosed.

They passed by Alebahma, in the usual parade of the Indian-traders, to the terror of the people in the fort.

in want of provisions, as their common safety would not allow them to go a hunting:

seven months elapsed before I had the proper use of the fingers of my right-hand.

Quixotism

He kept them regularly piled in a bundle, according to the time he received them, and often shewed them to the traders, in order to expose their fine promising contents

"But count, said he, the lying black marks of this one:"

Those traders, one excepted, were very indiscreet, proud and stubborn. They strove who could out-dress, or most vilify the other even before the Indians, who were surprised, as they never heard the French to degrade one another.

black interpretress - Either put one of these in the Pocotaligo scen or have Mend be an interpreter.

for the disobliged savages took most part of the tempting cargo - This is like theft in the DR - servants tempted by masters' excess.

Mr. C -- I, the trader I just mentioned, was of a long standing among the Chikkasah, and indefatigable in serving his country, without regarding those dangers that would chill the blood of a great many others; and he was perfect master of the Indian language.

He had the misfortune to be taken very sick on the path, and to lye apart from the camp, according to their usual custom [Ignacio would have to do this when he got smallpox

He had the misfortune to be taken very sick on the path, and to lye apart from the camp, according to their usual custom: a Judas, tempted by the high reward, of the French for killing him, officiously pretended to take great care of him. [Even Indian tribes have traitors.

he evaded their pursuit, by darting himself like a snake, into a deep crevice of the earth. [cool trick. We have a few little caves like this in Florida.

In this manner, fell those two valuable brave men, by hands that would have trembled to attack them on an equality. [How eloquently stated. Make sure ALL Juan Ignacio chapters are in this distinct, narrative voice.

Of this I was soon informed by two Choktah runners, and in a few days time, I sent them back well pleased. [This is how Maquay owners keep guards and maid loyalty ? give them presents and show them love. This is also how Montiano must relate to all Indians. He must learn this the hard way, but then master the art of it. No pre-negotiations, just a good guess at the amount of generosity due after the favor.

I charged them with a long relation of every thing I thought might be conducive to the main point in view; which was, the continuance of a fair open trade with a free people

As only merit in war-exploits, and flowing language and oratory, gives any of them the least preference above the rest, they can form no other idea of kings and subjects than that of tyrants domineering over base slaves: of course, their various dialects have no names for such.

before the expiration of the broken days [counted by breaking off notched segments of a stick. Have Ignacio keep a short-hand journal on a walking stick, similar to the pictures I had Paxon students draw for each vocab word, or time we had appointed,

The Indian head-men deem it a trifle to go hundreds of miles, on such a gladsome errand; and very few of them are slow in honouring the traders with a visit, and a long, rapid, poetic speech. [Make sure Ignacio?s invitations to San Marco sound like this.

They in a very friendly manner, tied plenty of bead-garters round my neck, arms, and legs, and decorated me, a la mode America [Ha! Make sure to use the word America in this old sense, as Native America!.

They told me I was mad, for the roaring of the cannon was as dreadful as the sharpest thunder, and that the French with one of their great balls would tear me in pieces, as soon as I appeared in view. [Wow. Make sure the cannons freak out the Indians in SA like this, too.

They did not seem to regard dying so much, as the genteel appearance they made when they took the open field, on purpose to kill or be killed. They used to tell the English traders they were going on such a day to fight, or die for them, and earnestly importuned them for a Stroud blanket, or white shirt a-piece, that they might make a genteel appearance in English cloth, when they died.

A Choktah warrior of Yahshoo-town, humorously told me afterwards, that ookka hoomeh, "the bitter waters," meaning spirituous liquors, cured some people, while it killed others. He, by the advice of one of the English traders, administered it in pretty good doses to seven of his children in the small-pox, which kept out the corrupt humour, and in a short time perfectly cured each of them, he said, without the least appearance of any dangerous symptoms

. As most of the Indian traders are devotees of Bacchus, their materia medica consists of spirituous liquors, compounded with strong herbs and roots, of which they commonly have a good knowledge: and I have observed those who have left off the trade, and reside in the British settlements, to give their negroes for an anti-venereal, a large dose of old Jamaica and qualified mercury mixt together, -- which, they say, the blacks cheerfully drink, without making a wry face, contrary to their usage with every other kind of physic; and it is affirmed, that by this prescription, they soon get well.

The small pox with which the upper towns of the Muskohge were infected, was of the confluent sort, and it would have greatly depopulated them, if the officious advice of some among us, for all the other towns to cut off every kind of communication with them, on the penalty of death to any delinquent, had not been given and pursued

Savanah river; so termed on account of the Shawano Indians having formerly lived there

their chieftain gave out a short oration, without hinting in the most distant manner, at any difficulties they underwent, by reason of their strong attachment to the British Americans, -- concluding, that as the English beloved men were endowed with a surprising gift of expressing a great deal in few words, long speeches would be troublesome to them.

when the Governor gave them, at the entrance of the council-chamber, some trifling presents, he hurried them off with such an air as vexed them to the heart; which was aggravated by his earnestly pointing at a noted war-leader, and myself, with an angry countenance, swearing that Indian had been lately down from Savanah, and received presents. [Show a vivid distinction of the Indians? and Spaniards? respect and gracious hosting by contrasting gracious receptions at Indian towns and the English delegation to St. Augustine against the rejection Primo and Menendez Marques received at Charleston.

they had no public order of credit for their needful travelling charges, though I sollicited his Excellency and the council to grant them one, according to the ancient, hospitable, and wise custom of South-Carolina, to all Indians who paid them a friendly visit, whose journey was far shorter, were often uninvited, and of much less service, than the Chikkasah to the British interest.

He is reported to have been no way churlish to several of the dastardly Choktah, notwithstanding his unprecedented and unkind treatment of our warlike Chikkasah -- two hundred of which would attack five hundred of the others, and defeat them with little loss.

We called them "Parched-corn-Indians," because they chiefly use it for bread, are civilized, and live mostly by planting. As they had no connection with the Indian nations, and were desirous of living peaceable under the British protection, none could have any just plea to kill or inslave them.

Canada-savages

our domestic Indians

They marched fast with their two captives, to secure their retreat till they got within the bounds of the French treaty of peace

But on parting with his companion, he refused absolutely to proceed any farther with them, when they tomohawked him, just as his parted friend was out of the hearing of it. The last afterwards got home, and told us this melancholy exit of our worthy and much-lamented friend -- who died as he lived, always despising life, when it was to be preserved only in a state of slavery. [Make sure that several English sound the battlecry of live free or die, despite their use of slavery.

If our watch-men had not been quite remiss, they would have at least opposed the French emissaries on their first approach to our colonies [when?, and have protected our valuable civilized Indians; for our negroes were afraid to run away, lest they should fall into their [Indians hands. [The Yamasee were probably one of these settlement Indians, until they turned on the English. Show the very same Yamasee returning runaway slaves, and then accepting Mend into the tribe.

our inhabitants [Indians were referred to as inhabitants along with whites

For as the Indians reckon imprisonment to be inslaving them, they never forgive such treatment; and as soon as these got clear, they left bloody traces of their vindictive tempers, as they passed along. [another example of intolerance of slavery, yet allowing it for others

Their watchfulness, and our singing [Make sure to have people sing while on long hikes, with the noise of our horses feet, made them hear us before they could possibly see us,

four of them appeared, unarmed, stark naked, and torn by the thickets.

As the power and happiness of Great Britain greatly depends on the prosperity of her American colonies, and the heart-foundness of her civil and ecclesiastical rulers -- and as the welfare of America hangs on the balance of a proper intercourse with their Indian neighbours

the other town drew round them stark naked, and painted all over red and black; thus they attacked them, killed numbers on the spot

Hoop Hoop Ha was now joyfully sounded every where by the Chikkasah, being convinced they had skin and bone to fight with, instead of spirits.

The matches of the few shells the French had time to throw, were too long; and as our traders had joined their friends by this time, they pulled out some, and threw out other shells, as near to the enemy as they possibly could.

They soon found those dreadful phantoms were only common French-men, covered with wool-packs, which made their breasts invulnerable to all their well-aimed bullets.

they patted with their hands a considerable time on one of the doors, as a decoy, imitating the earnest rap of the young women who go a visiting that time of night

the side of the house, where the women and children lay

my mastiffs had been silenced with their venison

the leader went a-head with the beloved ark, and pretending to be directed by the divine oracle

the brave trader instantly bounded up, sounding the war whoop

the traders beds are always hung round with various arms of defence

In their old fields, they have banks of oyster-shells, at the distance of four hundred miles from the sea-shore; which is a visible token of a general deluge, when it swept away the loose earth from the mountains, by the force of a tempestuous north-east wind, and thus produced the fertile lands of the Missisippi, which probably was sea, before that dreadful event.

Trees indicate the goodness or badness of land. Pine-trees grow on sandy, barren ground, which produces long coarse grass

The industry of the uncorrupt part of the Indians, in general, and of the Chikkasah, in particular, extends no farther than to support a plain simple life, and secure themselves from the power of the enemy, and from hunger and cold.

Instead of reforming the Indians, the monks and friars corrupted their morals: for, in the place of inculcating love, peace, and good-will to their red pupils, as became messengers of the divine author of peace, they only impressed their flexible minds with an implacable hatred against every British subject, without any distinction.

"an English nobleman asked a certain bishop, why he conferred holy orders on such a parcel of arrant blockheads? He replied, because it was better to have the ground plowed by asses, than leave it a waste full of thistles"

There are thousands of the Americans, who I believe have not heard six sermons for the space of above thirty years -- and in fact they have more knowledge than the teachers who are sent to them, and too much religion to communicate with them.

instead of peace and love, they plant envy, contempt, hatred, revilings, and produce the works of the flesh, instead of those of the spirit.

Their supposed holy orders are obtained from a close attention to, and approved knowledge of their sacred mysteries. No temptations can corrupt their virtue on that head: neither will they convey their divine secrets to the known impure.

to secure it from any artful attempts the Spaniards and their French subjects

Muskohge war against us, could easily be prevented by either of those gentlemen, if chosen, and the destructive plan of general licences was repealed.

of course, they would have a living price for their goods, which they carried on horseback to the remote Indian countries, at very great expences.

at the importunate request of the Chikkasah head-men, a memorial, setting forth their having notoriously violated every essential part of their instructions, enticing the Indians also to get drunk, and then taught them to blaspheme their maker.

The Indians being ambitious, free, and jealous of their liberties, as well as independent of each other, where mutual consent is not obtained

Yah-Yah-Tustanage, "the Great Mortar," a bitter enemy of the English, soon sent up a company of his war-relations, to persuade them to guard in time, against our dangerous encroachments, by killing all the English, that planted their lands without the general consent of the owners, and to take their black people as a good prize

Upon my urging the absolute necessity of pacifying our old steady friends, by removing the ungenerous cause of their jealousy, he assured me, that he would gladly comply with so just a request, especially, as it exactly coincided with his majesty's proclamation, then fixed on the fort-gate.

When I spoke to the Col. himself on his fatigues and perils, he modestly replied "that while he was performing the needful duties of his office, and acting the part of a beloved man with the swan's wing, white pipe, and white beads, for the general good of his country, and of its red neighbours, he had no leisure to think of any personal dangers that might befall a well-meaning peace-maker"

In brief, able superintendants of Indian affairs, and who will often visit the Indians, are the safest and strongest barrier garrisons of our colonies -- and a proper number of prudent honest traders dispersed among the savages would be better than all the soldiers, which the colonies support for their defence against them.

The Indians are to be persuaded by friendly language; but nothing will terrify them to submit to what opposes their general idea of liberty.

When an Indian and trader contract friendship, they exchange the clothes then upon them, and afterwards they cherish it by mutual presents, and in general, will maintain it to the death.

When a governor of any of our colonies, is either weak in his intellects, or has self-interested pursuits in view, incompatible with the public good, he will first oppress the Indian traders, and misrepresent all under his government who oppose him

as he knew that peace with the numerous nations of neighbouring Indians was essential to the welfare of a trading colony, he acted the part of the Archimagus, or great beloved man, with the swan's wing, white pipes, and tobacco, between the mischievous Muskohge and our colonies, at Savanah

When a gentleman of abilities employs his talents, in his proper sphere, in promoting the general good of society (instead of forwarding only his own interest) he is both an honour and a blessing to the community: the grateful public always revere such a character, and fail not to hand it down to the latest posterity, to stimulate others to follow the example.

The demon of persecution however was never among them -- not an individual durst ever presume to infringe on another's liberties. They are all equal

The head-men reward the worthy with titles of honour, according to their merit in speaking, or the number of enemies scalps they bring home.

Warriors are to protect all, but not to molest or injure the meanest. If they attempted it, they would pay dear for their folly.

that inexpressible abhorrence of slavery

there is no such thing among the Indians as desertion in war, because they do not fight like the Swiss for hire, but for wreaths of swan-feathers.

If the governed are convinced that their superiors have a real affection for them, they will esteem it their duty and interest to serve them and take pleasure in it. [Let Montiano learn this from watching Mend earn the loyalty of his men.

We have frequent instances in America, that merely by the power of affability, and good-natured language, the savage Indian, drunk and foaming with rage and madness, can be overcome and brought to weep.

crying blood is quenched with equal blood, and their beloved relation's spirit is allowed to go to rest

[This may be how Mend was trained for war by the Yamasee.

the bloody colours flying, marked with large strokes of black, -- the grand war signal of blood and death.

some of the aged warriors narrowly watch the young men who are newly initiated, lest they should prove irreligious, and prophane the holy fast, and bring misfortunes on the out-standing camp.

[Surely Mend was monitored this way.

As soon as they enter the woods, all are silent; and, every day they observe a profound silence in their march, that their ears may be quick to inform them of danger:

but, if their dreams portend any ill, they always obey the supposed divine intimation and return home

The youth of the town, by order of their head-men, carried on their noisy public diversions in their usual manner

the younger of the two discovering our traders on a hill pretty near, addressed them in English, and entreated them to redeem their lives. The elder immediately spoke to him, in his own language, to desist -- on this, he recollected himself, and became composed like a stoic, manifesting an indifference to life or death, pleasure or pain, according to their standard of martial virtue

When a small company go to war, they always chuse to have a swamp along side of them, with a thick covert for their shelter, because a superior number will scarcely pursue them where they might reasonably expect to lose any of their warriors.

they can exactly imitate the voice and sound of every quadruped and wild fowl through the American woods.

But, as both parties are extremely wary and sagacious, I have known such arts to prove fatal to the deluders.

If the battle be gained near home, one hero cuts off and carries this member of the dead person, another that, as joyful trophies of a decisive victory. If a stranger saw them thus loaded with human flesh, without proper information, he might conclude them to be voracious canibals, according to the shameful accounts of our Spanish historians.

and if he lose several of his warriors by the enemy, his life is either in danger for the supposed fault, or he is degraded, by taking from him his drum, war-whistle, and martial titles, and debasing him to his boy's name, from which he is to rise by a fresh gradation. This penal law contributes, in a good measure, to make them so exceedingly cautious and averse to bold attempts in war, and they are usually satisfied with two or three scalps and a prisoner.

This can be what causes Mend to leave the Indians.

they generally devote their captives to death, with the most agonizing tortures.

it is so contrary to the standard of the rest of the known world

They readily know the latter, by the blue marks over their breasts and arms; they being as legible as our alphabetical characters are to us. Their ink is made of the soot of pitch-pine, which sticks to the inside of a greased earthen pot; then delineating the parts, like the ancient Picts of Britain, with their wild hieroglyphics, they break through the skin with gair-fish-teeth, and rub over them that dark composition, to register them among the brave; and the impression is lasting? they degraded them in a public manner, by stretching the marked parts, and rubbing them with the juice of green corn, which in a great degree took out the impression.

Have an Indian shrug and tell Mend that their life and death do not matter because this life is temporary, and the next is joyful with the ancestors.

[Mend must have gone through this ceremony to become a trusted warrior.

[Play this up to honor the American military!

The concluding caution of the magi to the warriors, points at the different duties of their honourable station, that they should always aspire after martial glory, and prefer their own virtue, and the welfare of their country, more than life itself.

[This sounds just like quidditch.

[I would love to have this skill. Let Mend start out ruffly and learn how to be smooth while living with the Indians.

[Make sure to use this name enough to stick in the minds of the reader, along with the other names of God.

[Busk festival?

their nose, finger, and ear rings; their breast, arm, and wrist plates

When they see large fish near the surface of the water, they fire directly upon them, sometimes only with powder, which noise and surprize however so stupifies them, that they instantly turn up their bellies and float a top, when the fisherman secures them. [Awesome!

they gather horse chesnuts, and different sorts of roots, which having pounded pretty fine, and steeped a while in a trough, they scatter this mixture over the surface of a middle-sized pond, and stir it about with poles, till the water is sufficiently impregnated with the intoxicating bittern. The fish are soon inebriated, and make to the surface of the water, with their bellies uppermost.

Except the Choktah, all our Indians, both male and female, above the state of infancy, are in the watery element nearly equal to amphibious animals

which chanced to escape being buried with their owners, and were carefully preserved by the old people, as respectable remains of antiquity.

and they reckon it unlawful, and productive of many temporal evils, to extinguish even the culinary fire with water.

the smaller sort of Indian corn, which usually ripens in two months, from the time it is planted; though it is called by the English, the six weeks corn.

Thus they argue with them, and they are usually as good as their word, by striking a tomohawk into the horse, if he does not observe the friendly caution they gave him at the last parting. [Great mini-scene! Have Mend?s love interest do this. Maybe his love interest dies of smallpox with many others, and he wishes he could take the disease from her, but he appears immune. When he meets another African, they are ?among their own.?

The chief part of the Indians begin to plant their out-fields, when the wild fruit is so ripe, as to draw off the birds from picking up the grain. [Brilliant! This is their general rule, which is in the beginning of May, about the time the traders set off for the English settlements.

At the dawn of it, one by order goes aloft, and whoops to them with shrill calls, "that the new year is far advanced, -- that he who expects to eat, must work, -- and that he who will not work, must expect to pay the fine according to old custom, or leave the town, as they will not sweat themselves for an healthy idle waster" [Great scene!

it is a very rare thing to pass by those fields, without seeing them there at watch. This usually is the duty of the old women

landlady

they had been straggling in the woods, for the space of four years, as they assured me, yet in general they were more corpulent than the Chikkasah who accompanied me, notwithstanding they had lived during that time, on the wild products of the American desarts. This evinces how easily nature's wants are supplied

They are acquainted with a great many herbs and roots, of which the general part of the English have not the least knowledge.

If an Indian were driven out into the extensive woods, with only a knife and tomohawk, or a small hatchet, it is not to be doubted but he would fatten, even where a wolf would starve. He could soon collect fire, by rubbing two dry pieces of wood together, make a bark hut, earthen vessels, and a bow and arrows; then kill wild game, fish, fresh water tortoises, gather a plentiful variety of vegetables, and live in affluence. [This must be how Juan Ignacio survived his trips. Maybe someone prepares provisions for him but he always forgets to take them, since he doesn?t really need them.

angelica, or belly-ach-root; this is one of their physical greens, which they call Look-sooshe

I have the pleasure of writing this by the side of a Chikkasah female, as great a princess as ever lived among the ancient Peruvians, or Mexicans, and she bids me be sure not to mark the paper wrong, after the manner of most of the traders; otherwise, it will spoil the making good bread, or hommony, and of course beget the ill-will of our white women.

the Indian youth are as destructive to the pigs and poultry, as so many young wolves or foxes.

dry-scratched, which punishment hath been already described.

But at present, most of their countries swarm with white people, who are generally the dregs and off-scourings of our colonies.

wild turkeys, ducks, geese, and pigeons, during the proper season of their being fat and plenty; for the former sort of fowls are lean in the summer, and the others are in these moderate climates only during the winter, for they return northward with the sun.

The fat they fry into clear well-tasted oil, mixing plenty of sassafras and wild cinnamon with it over the fire, which keeps sweet from one winter to another, in large earthen jars, covered in the ground. It is of a light digestion, and nutritive to hair. All who are acquainted with its qualities, prefer it to any oil, for any use whatsoever

In the spring of the year, bear-bacon is a favourite dish with the traders, along with herbs that the woods afford in plenty; especially with the young tops of poke, the root of which is a very strong poison. And this method they pursue year by year, as a physical regimen, in order to purge their blood.

there is not perhaps the like number of mimic mutes on the face of the earth, nor ever were among the old Greek or Roman Pantomimi, as with the Indian Americans, for representing the great and minute things of life, by different gestures, movements of the body, and expressive countenances; and at the same time they are perfectly understood by each other. [This is how they had to communicate with Mend and Mont and other tribes.

and now rub the cows with, that are so unlucky as to be shot by night fairies

They likewise alter, and fix all the springs of the lock, with others of the sort they may have out of use; but such a job costs the red artist about two months work. [Mend can see an Indian working on this same project for two months.

It is strange that all the Indians mount a horse on the off side as we term it, especially as their horses were originally brought from Europe.

we alighted at a cool stream of water, to smoke, and drink parched corn-flour and water, according to our usual custom in the woods

For it being their custom to carry their ornaments, and looking glasses over their shoulder, on such public occasions

The Indians are very happy in not shewing the least emotion of anger, for any mischance that befalls them, in their sportful exercises.

with proper cultivation, they would shine in higher spheres of life

friendly and warlike Indians

In this manner they proceed, till each of the head men hath given his opinion on the point in debate. Then they sit down together, and determine upon the affair. [Ignacio must have seen this in action when delivering the invitation to San Marcos.

There are many petty crimes which their young people are guilty of, -- to which our laws annex severe punishment, but their's only an ironical way of jesting. They commend the criminal before a large audience, for practising the virtue, opposite to the crime, that he is known to be guilty of.

[An old beloved Indian (Tomochichi?) can give this lecture to Ignacio for why he?s better off an Indian than a Spaniard.

they say we are covetous, because we do not give our poor relations such a share of our possessions, as would keep them from want.

They frequently tell us, that though we are possessed of a great deal of yellow and white stone, of black people, horses, cows, hogs, and every thing else our hearts delight in -- yet they create us as much toil and pain, as if we had none, instead of that ease and pleasure, which flow from enjoyment; therefore we are truly poor, and deserve pity instead of envy

The old men tell us, they remember our colonies in their infant state, -- that when the inhabitants were poor and few in number, they maintained prosperous wars against the numerous combined nations of red people, who surrounded them on all sides; because in those early days, the law of reason was their only guide. In that time of simplicity, they lived after the temperate manner of the red people. They copied after honest nature, in their food, dress, and every pursuit, both in domestic and social life.

They say, their titles of war invariably bespeak the man, as they always make them the true attendants of merit, never conferring the least degree of honour on the worthless. [Mend must have earned a war title. Make sure Chief Jospogue is in Mend?s Yamasee chapter, perhaps as a father figure.

kept them off at a great distance, with their hats in hand, as if they were black people

when the head is sick, the feet cannot be well

They say, if our laws were honest, or wisely framed, they would be plain and few, that the poor people might understand and remember them, as well as the rich

[Maybe an old Indian uses this lecture to try to dissuade Mend from joining the Spaniards.

[Have these various wise words appear in every Indian scene, so that the always wax wise and poetic.

they generally retain a long time first impressions they imbibe from any one they esteem

One law cause which the Chikkasah attended, proved tedious, and was carried contrary to their opinion of justice and equity: on their return to their own country, they said, that two or three of their old women would have brought in a quicker, and honester verdict.

mercenary Choktah, who often kill people, and even one another, for the sake of a French reward

He said, if our physicians used simples in due time, to assist nature, instead of burning corrosive mixtures, they would have no occasion to dismember poor people, cutting off their limbs in so horrid a manner

cut off their ears and nose with a dull knife, as in the case of adultery

modesty and humility should always appear in the speech and behaviour of public teachers, on account of their charming influence

their sacred office requiring them to give an honest copy to all others, as the young people imbibed from their teachers example, either good or bad principles, which must benefit or injure themselves, and the community.

those large countries, where the sun rises out of the broad water.

paid him such a quantity of yellow stone

My Indian friend said, as marriage should beget joy and happiness, instead of pain and misery, if a couple married blindfold, and could not love each other afterwards, it was a crime to continue together, and a virtue to part, and make a happier choice; and as the white people did not buy their wives after the manner of the Indians, but received value along with them, in proportion to their own possessions, whatsoever the woman brought with her, she ought to be allowed to take back when they separated, that her heart might weigh even, and nothing be spoiled.

Their hills not only abound with inexhaustible mines of iron ore, but lie convenient to navigable rivers

Young glittering courtiers may think their merit exceedingly depreciated, to have the offer of the Ohio government conferred on either of them -- as it is now chiefly inhabited by long-legged, tawny hunters, who are clothed in winter with the shaggy skins of wild beasts, and are utterly unlearned in the polished art of smiling, when their hearts are displeased at the rash conduct of high-headed rulers

The province is a large peninsula, consisting chiefly of sandy barrens; level four ground, abounding with tussucks; here and there is some light mixt land; but a number of low swamps, with very unwholesome water in general. In proportion as it is cleared, and a free circulation of air is produced, to dispel the noxious vapours that float over the surface of this low country, it may become more healthful; though any where out of the influence of the sea air, the inhabitants will be liable to fevers and agues.

The method these Indians took to keep off those tormenting insects, as their safety would not allow them to make a fire, lest the smoke should guide their watchful enemies to surprise them, was, by anointing their bodies with rank fish oil, mixed with the juice or ashes of indigo. This perfume, and its effluvia, kept off from them every kind of insect.

Keep a list of artifacts that people could actually see nowadays, such as Mont's document package, the parish register, Mend's petitions, and incorporate artifacts found by Deegan and Halbert.

A Byzantine general Tatesius, under Emperor Alexius at the beginning of the crusades was a eunuch. He had a golden nose.

Quick build is poor construction (fort Diego?) support posts ax-hewn not saw, planted directly in soil-terrible. 4 guys put one up in less than a month. [I think I got this from the tour guide at Middleton in Charleston. Maybe Mend worked on this fort.

Have Juan Ignacio blend his religions as he is dying. He follows the Indian religion by asking that his bones be buried with the Uchises so that, by the Christian religion, he will meet his parents for the first time in heaven.

Suleiman represents the need for human endorsement. He wants Charleston slaves to see him as a leader; he encourages them to strive for freedom. He wants Charleston English to see him as trustworthy; when the burning lady blames him, he accepts Father Le Jau's claims that he is the most loyal slave in the colony. He wants the Yamasee Indians to see him as a warrior. He wants the Spaniards to see him as an equal citizen. He wants the king to prove this by signing his freedom paper. he gets partial human endorsement, but it's never enough. He eventually sees that the king doesn't even see or sign papers, and even when he does, it easily gets ignored by Spaniards. It's all a mirage. When it comes out that he was the conspirator the lady screamed about, he has an identity crisis that he is not trustworthy after all - not to slaves or whites. He confesses this to the friar, who compares it to Jesus being innocently crucified for our freedom. Su's crisis erupts at Bloody Mose. He fights for the woman who burned and all the others who were killed seeking freedom. He purges his faith in mankind to save him.

The opening chapter of Mose must set the stage for Suleiman's journey as well as the entire book and climax. The entire book is framed around power and faith. Su quickly learns that education brings power, but hits a ceiling of human endorsement, where he fails. He eventually has to settle for God's grace. In this chapter, Su is treated by slaves as a natural leader because he learns fast (like Josh). He encourages them to learn each other's language, work together toward freedom, and have nothing to do with the African slave catchers that get enslaved. Then he is treated by the English as a trustworthy slave. His owner sends him to town on errands and to earn extra money. A woman tied to a stack for conspiracy screams she is innocent and blames Su. Father Le Jau comes to his defense and endorses him as the most trustworthy slave in Charleston. The traders take that endorsement and hire Su to manage the horses on their envoy to the Yamasee. When the Yamasee rebel, he does not remain loyal to the English, but rather escapes with the Yamasee. With the Yamasee, he earns their respect as a trusted warrior, but eventually, he seeks human-endorsed freedom through the Spanish.

Indians made arrowroot flour from coontie plants. Have that available in the market in St. Augustine. Then as wheat flour gets scarce, Coontie arrowroot flour also becomes scarce. The Indians are starting to fight over the roots of the Coonties and the Coonties are dying in the hot spots. Have Francesca try to buy arrowroot flour from an Indian lady who jacked up the price and Francesca can't afford it. So Francesca asks her how she makes it. The Indian woman says, why would I tell you that.. then you will tell everyone else and go take all the Coonties. Francesca, understood. She apologized for asking. But then later she saw the Indian woman going into the woods. She's sneakily snuck after her and followed her and watched as the Indian woman found some Coonties, pulled up their roots, cut off the branches, and went home with the roots. But the lady had some protection against the Coonties being toxic. And then Francesca tried the same thing and got sick from it.

I created this chart in Google Sheets from SPVCA board meeting minutes. I didn't get it all filled in. On 8/4/2025, Ed Olsen asked me for details to put on Ivan Juric's Lifetime Achievement Award. While pulling some together, I suggested Ed ask key people to look back through their emails for side project that involved Ivan. I shared this board chart from Google Sheets with Ed. Soon after, I got share requests from Jim Valentine and Bill Smith. Bill Smith requested editor access, but I changed it to viewer like Jim and Ed. Then I realized Bill could help fill it in and was quite tech savvy. I downloaded a backup of the chart then granted Bill editor access to the Google Sheet. Then I saw that you could grant comment-only access, so I changed Ed and Jim's access to Commenter.

Rick and Roz Edwards gave me a card at GTM. It is a Jacksonville Shell Club with their name handwritten on it. I only saw them on the third Saturday of each month. The card says to check out the club website: Jaxshells.org. I'm guessing at these dates, but I think they told me they've been leading the Guided Beach Exploration at GTM since it opened in 2005. Back then, they went at low tide and the group caravanned to one of the reserve beaches. Later, the GTM Volunteer Coordinator insisted the outing needed to stick to a schedule. After that, it happens 9am-11am on the third Saturday of every month. High tide is definitely a problem. Rick has such a large collection of sea shells that he gave me a bunch to give to kids in the visitor center. He is cataloging his collection for donation to the University of Florida to write off the monetary value for a tax break. I asked why he wouldn't donate it to GTM. He said he won't because "they lose things here." He said they lost a large collection he had given them before. Nevertheless, he build display boards to be kept at the visitor center for use in the monthly Guided Beach Exploration.

"Associate Justice Anthony Kennedy penned the majority opinion in the landmark decision heralded by gay activists from coast to coast, writing that: 'The Constitution promises liberty to all within its reach, a liberty that includes certain specific rights that allow persons, within a lawful realm, to REVIEW COPY define and express their identity'."

Chris Hastings visited me at the GTM front desk on 8/29/2025. He told me stories about shrimping at Guana Dam. He said he was on the lake side at night one time and something bumped into the back of his legs. He panicked, but then saw it was a small manatee. After that, he said 'they' built wooden gates inside the dam to prevent larger animals from getting through it. He thought it was in 2018, so I dated this entry in the summer of 2018.

Sean Haymes (spelled with an m) came to check out the GTM visitor center in the summer of 2025. He asked me about the wildlife there, particularly the Florida panthers. I said per our lead ranger Zach, we haven't had a panther east of the Intracoastal Waterway in a decade. People are reporting sightings, but Zach doubts them. Sean said there is at least one panther in the WMA. He said it is sometimes seen by fishermen across from Nocatee Preserve. He said a female panther lives in the Nocatee Preserve but swims across the ICW with her cubs to visit the WMA. He showed me a video his friend posted on YouTube on 11/15/2022. Here is the video: https://youtu.be/83Lua2wFs4I?si=_9YiB7hWx_M9OmyL Title: Fl panther just got breakfast of a shell bed and is in the grass, heading to the tree line Description: Video from Tom Voutour Sean left me his number in case Zach wanted to ask him about it: Sean Haymes 904-502-3595

A woman chatted with me at GTM long enough to hear about my history project. She said she had just moved to St. Augustine and lives right next to Fort Mose. She wanted to visit there and invited me to accompany her. She wrote her contact information on a note pad that was pre-printed with her name and the title MD. She joined the Friends of GTM. I later looked her up in Little Green Light and saw her address was Gainesville. I never did contact her. But here is the contact information she wrote down: Angeli Maun Akey, MD 352.316.1686 nfimangeli@gmail.com

I'm guessing at this date. Julie Mickler chatted with me at GTM long enough to hear about my history project. She said she'd like to see it and help. She lives in Julington Creek now. She gave me her contact information: juliemickler@yahoo.com, 904-403-9221. Local source.

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One of the GTM beach cleanup crew said GTM should put buckets at the beach lots for people to pick up trash. She said Palm Beach County leaves stacks of buckets like the ones at Home Depot.

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During a conversation about the Saturday activities at GTM, I told a family next Saturday is beach cleanup day, where we identify and count what we find. The father said it is absolutely necessary to do that. He was from Philadelphia, visiting his sister who lives here. She said St. Johns County banned smoking on public beaches a year ago. I highly doubted that because cigarettes were by far the most common item found in the 6-month data I had pulled for St. Johns County. I looked it up. They banned smoking in city parks on 8/8/2022.

I want to earn this eulogy for myself

Voddie said, "We are constantly warned about the dangers of toxic masculinity, but when a biological male MMA fighter fractured the orbital bone of a biological female during an officially sanctioned REVIEW COPY event,5 we responded with a wink and a nod because he identified as a woman." This is such a great example of how much this world is built on lies. I've said it for years, but the liars are contradicting themselves full scale. However, both Voddie and I are lumping people together, simply joining in the with lies. I say "the liars" without specifying who. Voddie said "we responded", insinuating society at large, and even including himself. Father, your kingdom come. Soon. Please. Now.

Lea Lent called me today all excited to tell me the big news. Her house is undergoing major repairs, such that she has to stay with her daughter, Lauren, while the work is done. She went out to see the progress and lo and behold, there were two sea turtle nests behind her house. There was one very large set of tracks and one small set. Both nests were flagged and roped off. Lea encouraged me to go see them. She said the work on her house should be done in June or July. I said that means she'll be back in time to see the baby turtles emerge. She said she didn't think so. She thinks it just take a few weeks. She said, "At least nobody will come steal the eggs." I said, "You mean a raccoon?" She said, "I mean people." I asked, "People take the eggs?" She said, "Oh yeah. They used to do that all the time." I asked, "What for?" She said, "To eat 'em. They're better than chicken eggs." I asked, "In what way?" She said, "They just taste better. The Minorcans used to come take the eggs all the time. Now it's illegal, thank God."

I am not a psychiatrist. I'm not a psychologist. I'm not a counselor. I'm not a pastor. I'm not a medical doctor. I'm just a master of the pity party. I've got the pity party down to assigns. A science I just went and got an ice cream cone big enough to last my whole drive home through the reserve. I was just aching. If you get to the point where you need comfort food, that just means it's too late. It means you have neglected something. It's just like when you have a headache and try to take aspirin or a prescription. Painkiller. They almost never work. After you have a headache. You have to take them before the pain gets bad. That's a pity party. You have to address it before it turns into a run for comfort food. My pity party this time was an event triggered by an event at the St. Augustine historical society. It was a meet and greet of the creators of a pictorial history of the black community of St. Augustine. I had written a whole Web channel on the Black History of St. Augustine a good 13 years ago. That's why I was going to this thing. But in those 13 years, I've been working on my big history project. And I was sure to bump into people who knew me back then and would see that I am still not finished with my own history project. I am still harvesting other people's completed work never to complete my own. I did not want to meet and greet anybody on those terms. I had driven down there after work and even had an early dinner from McDonald's drive-thru so that I could park early in the historical society's parking lot to make sure to get a parking spot because it is such a tiny lot and it filled up last time I went there. I sat in that tiny parking lot an hour in advance eating my McDonald's. And my heart just kept sinking more and more because I did not want to go in there. I talked to God about it. I didn't feel like I got an answer. My heart just didn't rise up at all. I just wanted to go home. I wanted to go work on my own work. I should not have signed up for that thing. A meet and greet? What was I thinking. I guess I was going to see more black history and collect more material for my timeline and never finish my timeline. I can do that from home. I'm all talk. No action. I drove away and looked for any kind of dessert that would last my entire drive home. I ended up with a giant ice cream cone. And it did a great job for me. The whole way, I was talking to God about why I ran away and why I bought comfort food. McDonald's and ice cream. Why was I doing that? I evaluated the situation and felt stronger that I knew what happened. I knew what I need to do. I need to finish my own work. My pants were blissfully loose when I put them on this morning. I was so happy my dieting had been working. Not dieting, but eating right. And now as I drive home after my McDonald's and ice cream, those same pants are Todd around both eyes and my waist.

Email subject: If you’re exhausted, read this. Title meme: As a woman, do you ever feel like you wear all the hats... all the time? The friend hat — ensuring coffee dates are on the calendar. The sister hat — making sure all family drama is settled before a get-together. [Amy - as if we have that power over our family0 The mom hat — getting the kids up and out the door while keeping the house in tip-top shape. [Amy - as if it's the woman's job. When I did this, my kids hated me and I hated being the maid.] The wife hat — caring for your husband but double-checking he feels like he still matters. [Amy - for those with a good husband] The Bible study hat — completing all homework in time for Bible study. The teammate hat — supporting, encouraging and empowering your people to do their job. [Amy - "Your people"?] It can be exhausting. But can I let you in on something I’m learning? We were not created to do all things. We also weren’t created to be all things to all people. [Amy - I'm sick of cliches] When we have to take a hat off, it can be defeating. We can find ourselves questioning, Why can’t I get this right? But it’s in this place that we can be reminded of the gospel: Everything we lack is an opportunity for us to find God in our weakness. 2 ​​Corinthians 12:9 says My grace is sufficient for you. There’s grace in humility There’s freedom in humility. There’s peace in humility. So to those of us wearing all the hats, the ones feeling like we can’t be everything to everyone, embrace this truth: We were never meant to. I'd love to invite you to find the relief I'm talking about as we read The Hidden Peace written by my friend, Dr. Joel Muddamalle. It's our July pick for our Circle 31 Book Club, and I would be delighted to read it with you. The Hidden Peace Join Circle 31 Your *hopefully* soon-to-be book club friend, Kendra Proverbs 31 Ministries Proverbs 31 Ministries, PO Box 3189, Matthews, NC 28106, United States, 704-849-2270 Unsubscribe Manage preferences

I am not a physical body with a temporary lifespan and a soul that might live forever. I am a soul soul with an eternal lifespan currently in a temporary body. In Moe's, the Catholic priests refer to the natives and the slaves as souls. When they speak to them as souls, some of them can take it very seriously. Some of them can say I am not a body. I am not a human. I am not a slave. I am a soul. I'm going to live forever. That is how I am living right now. I am not a human with a soul. I am a soul in a human body right now. Products: Make T-shirts like this and bracelets. I am a soul.

Amy, We're back with another in-depth video, and I don't know if I've ever been more excited about a conversation than I am about this one. One thing that is essential to becoming a better student of the Bible is the ability to understand the scriptures from a Jewish perspective — after all, Christianity emerged out of a Jewish context! That's why I wanted to talk to Rabbi Schneider, a Messianic Jew. He was born into a Jewish family, grew up with Jewish roots, and he's now saved by faith in Jesus Christ as Lord and risen savior. He brings an invaluable perspective to our faith with his first-hand knowledge of Jewish beliefs, history and traditions. I believe this conversation will deepen and strengthen your faith, and no topic or question was off limits in this video as we discuss some of the most significant religious questions related to Christianity and Judaism! Click below to watch the video: MY CONVERSATION WITH RABBI SCHNEIDER Get Allen Parr's book today! Many supposedly Christian teachers are spreading ideas that amount to what the apostle Paul referred to as "another gospel." The result? A generation of believers confused about what God REALLY says, what He offers, and what He wants for His children. Whether it's the heavy burden of legalism or an overemphasis on prosperity and spiritual gifts, false teachings are discouraging and derailing too many Christians. In "Misled," Allen uses the same Bible-based approach that you're familiar with on YouTube to bring clarity and hope to anyone who has felt discouraged or confused in their spiritual journey. Get your copy today by clicking the button below! MISLED: 7 LIES THAT DISTORT THE GOSPEL (AND HOW YOU CAN DISCERN THE TRUTH) God bless, Allen Parr If you no longer wish to receive these emails you may unsubscribe

Email from JEA to SPVCA for all of St. Johns County Mandatory Watering Restrictions Keep It Flowing for All With increasingly high temperatures and little significant rainfall recently, JEA continues to experience exceptionally high demand for our potable and reclaimed water supply, causing areas within our service territory to experience lower water pressure. As a result, we strongly encourage all potable (for irrigation) and reclaimed water customers to follow the mandatory watering restrictions set forth by the St. Johns River Water Management District (SJRWMD). These mandatory restrictions ensure the efficient use of water for landscape irrigation, allowing enough water to maintain healthy landscapes year-round. They specify how much water may be used, the amount of water that may be applied, and appropriate watering days and times for residential and nonresidential locations. These days depend on whether your address ends in an odd or even number, and on the time of year. With continued hot weather in the forecast, one thing we can all do is conserve the water we use, to ensure you and your neighbors have the water you need, when you need it. How You Can Help • Follow your watering days. • Set your irrigation timer to water only between 8 p.m and 4 a.m. Avoid watering during the hottest part of the day, which helps avoid evaporation and runoff that can waste up to 50% of the water you use. • Identify and repair leaks. Find tips on how to test for leaks at jea.com/waterleak. How JEA Can Help • Find ways to save water -- in and around your home or business -- with practical tips at jea.com/waterconservation. • Learn more about low- and no-cost savings tips, complimentary on-site assessments, and more at jea.com/waystosave. Learn More About Mandatory Watering Restrictions Your Community. Your YOUtility. FOLLOW US ON SOCIAL MEDIA CONTACT US UPDATE ALERT PREFERENCES JEA 225 N. Pearl Street Jacksonville, FL 32202 You are receiving this message as a JEA Customer. JEA, all rights reserved 2024 ©

For the kitchen... These kinds of demons can only be cast out by prayer and fasting.. Jesus.

In an otherwise blank email from Sue Olsen, probably forwarded: As the world fights to figure everything out, I'll be holding doors for strangers, letting people cut in front of me in traffic, saying good morning, keeping babies entertained in grocery lines, stopping to talk to someone who is lonely, tipping generously, waving at police, sharing food, giving children a thumbs-up, being patient with sales clerks, smiling at passersby, and buying a stranger a cup of coffee. WHY? Because I will not stand to live in a world where love is invisible. Join me in showing kindness, understanding, and judging less. Be kind to a stranger, give grace to friends who are having a bad day, be forgiving with yourself. If you can't find kindness, BE kindness

A woman walked into a nature reserve’s office. She tapped her name on the welcome screen kiosk. Bink. A tadpole appeared above her name to indicate she had checked in. She approached the receptionist (that’s me). “I’m here to pull invasive plants out of the reserve. Do you have a list of plants that grow here?” “Do I ever!” I exclaimed. I slammed a four-inch-thick binder onto the counter and flipped open the pages. “All these plants, complete with pictures and information.” The woman glowed with excitement as she flipped through the plant pages. “Do you have this in something I can carry?” Granted, she wasn’t much larger than the binder. While I sat stumped, she clarified, “Do you have a digital copy?” Long story short, she got a PDF she can flip through on her phone while out in the reserve pulling out invasive plants. The binder? It’s still in the front office as an artifact. What is a PDF anyway? It’s a picture file at heart, an array of colored lights. But unlike its older siblings JPG, PNG, and good old BMP, PDF is the only image file format that can hold multiple pages in one file. That’s what documents tend to do. They tend to grow beyond one page. My sister learned this when her scanner turned her 30-page report into 30 separate JPG files. She said, “I can’t email this report in 30 pieces!” Nope. Choose the PDF format and try again. PDF’s creator gave it some lame name like Portable Document Format. It certainly is more portable than that four-inch binder. Still, I prefer its spirit name, Paperless Document File. For me, paperless is a way of life. Thanks to PDF, I have squeezed ten file cabinets of important papers into a digital storage drive that fits in a shirt pocket. I call this “going paperless”. If you opt for PDF before it’s even printed, we call that “going green”. That decision saves trees. Trees grow leaves. Leaves are green. Leaves absorb carbon dioxide for their photosynthesis addiction. It’s a whole thing. So why would this woman at the reserve want to pull out perfectly healthy plants that are happily sucking up all the catastrophic CO2? Well, that’s another whole thing. Here’s a short answer. And that’s where Computer Corner is going, going, gone. I am trading my Computer Corner writing time for greener pastures in the new Native Garden Club. I hope the Computer Corner column has helped you in your computer life. I still write computer tips on my blog, PaperlessPonteVedra.com. I still offer free computer help at the clubhouse by appointment. Computers aren’t going anywhere, and neither am I.

When I tried to log in to PPV admin today, I received a message on the login screen saying my password expired. I had not set any password expiration setting in WordPress or Ultimate Member. But I do remember UM getting hacked not long ago. Luckily, I still have no users, except the 78 fake account I have rejected so far. A Google search got me to UM's notice that they set that setting in response to the security incident. I took their advice and logged out out users including myself and forced a new password.

Is Emory a guy? As I tried to learn this, I found these distinctions directly conflict with other species. I'm still not confident about these. Feature Male Female Birds-eye shape oval round Belly shape sucked in flat front Upper shell butt curved in like a jock cup curved out like a skirt Lower shell butt c for cup v for vagina

Conversation with FWC Officer Ian Lemaster. 9/17/2024 Reds are running. They always breed offshore; that's why you can't keep them from offshore. They come in Matanzas Inlet every year and make their way north, even against the current, probably to Georgia. They reach Guana around September of every year.

They came to GTM on Valentine's Day. We had a great chat and exchanged contact information. Edward Voutour Mickler descendant Grew up in Palm Valley Grandfather owned(?) Micklers Landing? There were 3 artesian wells along A1A. "We used to buy a fifth of whisky and drive up the beach from Palm Valley to Hannah Park." He's ashamed of it now, and very happy to hear the government is protecting the coast. He thinks it should be illegal to build on the ocean now. I think he said he moved to the west coast and recently moved back to an entirely different Ponte Vedra. Wife: Cindy Voutour 128 Sherwood Ave St Augustine, FL 32084-2228 (904) 819-0879

Keith Poythress visited GTM to check out the visitor center. He asked me about the history and artifacts. He knew a lot of local history. He wanted to talk more, and so did I. He wrote his contact information on my attendance note pad. It had the date 2/27/2025 at the top of the sheet, but it feels like it was more in the late summer that he was there. He was a black guy. He said he was on the board of Pie in the Sky and one of the founding owners of St. Augustine Fish Camp and The Distillery. Keith Poythress 904-616-6054

Some GTM visitors asked me what is the best trail to see birds at GTM. I asked lead ranger Zach Lepera. He said he sees a lot of small birds in the middle of Purple East trail. That is where I also filmed the trees humming with what I thought was pollinators. Zach also said the Orange/Blue trail loop holds many birds. The savannah just inside the WMA south entrance has many birds, especially raptors.

On my last beach walk with God, I was having a pity party about being vilified at work for most of my work life, despite always getting rave reviews on my performance. I learned not to lean on other people about it because they understandably think I'm the problem since it keeps happening. I was especially hurting because I had confided this problem to my sister in Christ at GTM, Josie, and she took the other people's side (in my eyes). When she asked how I was doing, I said I was riding the leaf God gave me in the turbulent waters of living on the edge of being fired. I confided to Josie that Stephanie and Dale want me gone, and I see no sign of Lia vetoing that because Lia doesn't acknowledge me when she walks past me at the front desk, nor did her boss, Mike Shirley, and I don't know why. I admitted it might be a culture at GTM, since ranger Kala broke down in tears with me one day saying how "the culture here sucks" and "Candace doesn't even look at us when she walks by." Nevertheless, the people who decide if I have a job here make it clear they can't stand me and throw false accusations at me almost daily, which I have given up trying to correct because they throw out their accusations while walking away. With God, I have learned to be content with whatever he gives me, even if it means homelessness and starvation. It is certainly not my first response - that is always fear. But it doesn't take long for me to replace that fear with acceptance of God's will. What I have not mastered is the resentment toward the people trying to harm me. I hear Jesus admonishing me to love my enemies. In fact, I actually value the trial because it gives me a clear path obeying the Lord. Well, it's not so clear. I clearly hear, "Love your enemies." And I clearly answer, "Yes, but how?" I made the mistake of confiding this to Josie. Her answer was telling: "Do they have to be enemies?" She followed that up with a story showing a vulnerable side of Stephanie. Ever since that conversation, I've answered silently in my head, "Yes. An enemy is anyone who is trying to hurt you." That statement was repeating in my head over and over as I walked with God at Middle Beach. Yes, they are my enemies. But Lord, I have to accept that you love them and you want me to love them. But how? The resentment was visceral. I wanted the community to know what was happening. I wanted video and audio recording of every moment of my work life. But no, only I get to see the bad behavior that seeks to send me to the homeless shelter. The illogical butchering of truth was revolting. These were the feelings in my heart, but I didn't express them to God. I didn't want to. I didn't want him to tell me how to be nice to someone who doesn't deserve it. It didn't take long. I don't deserve His niceness. "My grace is sufficient for you," he said. "Full of grace and truth," he said. My deepest desire is to be like Jesus. Jesus is full of grace and truth. Those are THE definition of beautiful to me. Are not the classiest people on earth the ones who exhibit grace? What is grace, anyway? Western culture has hijacked the word to mean something so vain. Move without jerking. That's grace. My first husband called me Grace several times a week, every time I tripped or bumped something. I don't think John was referring to smooth moves when he said, "full of grace and truth." I looked it up. John's use of the word grace means undeserved merit. GRACE = UNDESERVED MERIT It took me about a year to recite that in my head. I want to be graceful. I am eternally grateful for God accepting me into his kingdom when I ABSOLUTELY do not qualify. I am an undeserving recipient of forgiveness, unconditional love, an eternal outlook, abundant health, and abundant material provision. I am not worthy. When I set a picture of my behavior alongside a picture of Jesus' behavior, I am hopeless. All I can do is hope that His offer of grace is true. "Full of grace and truth," John said. If I don't have that hope, I have no life at all. All these thoughts floated through my head, but the only thing that formulated into words was, "Yes, but how?" GRACE = UNDESERVED MERIT Again, he said it to me. Not audibly. Just clear words that stood up tall against the whirlpool of thoughts and emotion. GRACE = UNDESERVED MERIT I knew it was God. But just to be sure, I looked down to see if it was confirmed with a shark tooth. It was. Yes sir. I must give undeserved merit to those who are trying to demerit me. What on God's green earth could possibly construe that as truth? God can. "For nothing shall be impossible with God" (Luke 1:37). It felt impossible to me. But I had faith in my Lord. I had faith that my own undeserved merit would merit me with the next answer. I went home and waited for it. It started in two days. My beach walk and shark tooth happened on Wednesday. On Friday, I was presented again with that daily reminder to come up with a new password for my work login. I use bible verses for that task. It allows me to 'meditate' on a verse for the next three months by typing it every time my computer times out. But I've received this warning for two weeks and still couldn't decide on a verse. As I sat frustrated with indecision on Friday morning, these words came to my mind. "Ask Stephanie." That could not have been me. I've been counting the minutes till Stephanie would be retired and out my life, or at least out of the position to eliminate my job. Ask that 'enemy' for a bible verse? Say what? Yes sir. "Stephanie, I have the most random question. You know how I use bible verses for passwords? I've been stumped for two weeks now trying to pick one. Do you have a bible verse that you like that I can use? I know this is completely out of place. Just say no if you don't want to." "Yes," she said. "I have a few of them I like. I'll have to think of them. I'll get back to you on that." Thirty minutes later, she handed me a piece of paper with three verses. I looked at them, got excited about them, and thanked her profusely. The first one was my first choice. "For nothing will be impossible with God" (Luke 1:37). The song Unstoppable God popped in my head, the chorus repeating, "Nothing shall be impossible, your kingdom reigns unstoppable..." My heart bounced with the memory of bouncing to that song at Celebration Church, and in my car, and in my condo, where I learned to reverse bounce so as not to disturb my downstairs neighbor. I told Stephanie I'll be singing that song for three months. She smiled. Was my enemy now my friend? Absolutely not. Was she my sibling under God. Absolutely. She just proved it. Did she deserve merit for that? Yes. Did I have to butcher truth to give her merit? No. It was all on the up and up. I happily gave merit for that with no obligation to merit her employer skills or integrity. I couldn't find what aspect of my computer life was asking for a password. I couldn't find any sign of it in the Windows Notifications panel located right where the prompt pops up. The Windows Settings password referred to it as 'domain password'. Domain? I waited till the prompt appeared again, then found myself at the 'domain password' screen. I put my creative spin on the verse till it made me grin at my own cleverness. Norton Password Manager high-fived me by estimating the time it would take to crack that password being "the age of the universe." I pulled up a YouTube video of Elevation Worship singing Unstoppable God, then carried my phone around the empty exhibit hall to let the empty building worship with me. I bounced as I walked, just as I did at Celebration Church. I went back to my desk and texted a thank you to Stephanie, and added a link to the song. Then the REAL test happened. I pulled up my task list. Time to build tomorrow's welcome screen. I looked at the calendar for the next day, which was Tuesday because this was Saturday. The only thing on the calendar was the Education team hosting a class from Nease High School for saltmarsh seining. The teacher was Jennie Fagan. Jennie Fagan. An old enemy. One who actually did block my employment. When I first started working at GTM, Josie heard me say I taught for one year at Nease High School. She asked if I knew Jennie Fagan, who was a great teacher who interacted with the reserve a lot. Yes, I knew Jennie Fagan. I did not tell her what happened with Jennie Fagan. I just smiled like I agreed that Jennie Fagan was a great person and a great teacher. Now I might see her again. Josie might try to reconnect us. Josie will expect me to be delighted and want to work with Jennie. Josie doesn't know what happened. Josie didn't know what Dale and Stephanie were doing to me, either. She actually suggested I check my facial expressions. She told a story about her mother hurting a cashier's feelings with angry body language that had nothing at all to do with the cashier. Josie seemed to think I was the problem, and that I was imagining enemies, like someone with a victim mentality, which my gaslighting ex-husband accused me of. Lord, I don't want to be here. I want to be with you, where truth reigns. This world is lies lies and more lies. Take me home where I belong. Jennie Fagan's words rang in my head from my one and only lunch period in the teacher's lounge. "The black kids are the best athletes because they grow up running from the po po." She was nicer to me at first. "We're going to groom you into a science teacher. If we like you, we'll keep you." I cannot remember a single time Jennie observed my performance as a teacher, nor did I notice any grooming. Instead, I got barked at by two of the teachers I was assigned to assist. One of those teachers, Summer Anderson, barked every single day at her classes. "Shut up and grow up!" rings through my head to this day, a decade later, and I'm sure in the memories of the students she aimed it at. I can only assume these teachers were Jennie's eyes and ears, and the reason she never engaged with me about "grooming", and did not renew my contract. That's another one I had to give to God. I can't live with the belief that humans can decide whether I have a job even when I earn high scores and accolades from my students and constituents. So that po-po comment was my ammunition. The one thing I could hold onto that Jennie Fagan's judgment of me could not be trusted. Might Jennie remember me in front of Josie? Might she discredit me? Might I bring in my high performance scores and the notes of praise and appreciation from students and their parents? Might I try to discredit the person trying to discredit me? Might I just run away from this planet as soon as Elon Musk finds a way to unlock the gravitational chains? GRACE - UNDESERVED MERIT Yes sir. But how? Jennie will be here on Tuesday. Maybe she won't even come in the building, since seining is an outside activity. But if I were still a teacher, I would not miss a chance to expose my students to the exhibit hall. What will my countenance be? Fake? Awkward? Confused? Stoic? Now is my test. Now is my chance. Now is my opportunity to exercise actual grace. But how? I'm listening, Lord. I'm listening.

Dictated while driving to church. It started with the concept that many tough decisions are recurring. The situation presents itself again, and again we have to decide. In this case, I had decided to leave Greg's food all to him so that he would see how much he was throwing away. He even seems to think he's getting his nutrition just because he bought it. Now for the car dictation: One of my confusion points from this morning was trying to bring food with me for lunch because I was going to go Garden after church. As I tried to find food that was easy to take on the road, I saw all of Greg's food going bad that he bought and didn't eat. I should have grabbed some of it. Pre-made meals. Meals. It all looked great. And I did that in the beginning. But then I felt confused about the financial arrangement between us. I did not like the idea of benefiting from him financially when I'm just trying to help him as a friend. That is confusing because he would like to contribute financially and he is uncomfortable imposing on me. So in the beginning I said I will eat your discards. But even that statement was a little humiliating and then over time I noticed how much anxiety I had. Just asking him if he was throwing away something or going to eat it. Some of some of the things he actually didn't know yet. It was an uncomfortable recurring conversation and then he started saying He bought such and such food for us. Then I felt obligated to eat such and such food that he bought. Then I felt obligated to also buy food for him when I was shopping. And then I got back into all that. How much time and money am I going to waste on food that someone else doesn't want. Or how much time am I going to spend pondering whether a person would like this or not. It is so much anxiety that I insist on keeping our food separate. So instead of taking advantage of the food, he throws away as easy free grabable food for me, I decided to leave the line clear. Clear. Him throw away his own food so he knew it was being thrown away and maybe be a little more motivated to eat the food. Maybe feel a little more concerned about money. Maybe think for himself and do for himself rather than blurring the lines and hoping I will do for him and think for him. All right, yes that is the better decision and it keeps coming back to me every time I'm in that predicament of looking in the refrigerator for something to eat and seeing something that he has left for days and I would still eat. The decision keeps coming back. It has to be made again and again and who has time for that?

I am driving to church stifling tears because of how hard it was to get ready for church without having my outfit already picked out without having my meal already prepped and with Greg trying to be social while I was trying to think. It is such a common moment for me. I can't think. I thought I should just not go to church. Every outfit I tried didn't work. Mostly because all the pants were too tight but also because the ones that might fit needed to be ironed and I had not already done that and didn't have time to do that. It's a terrible feeling and it starts a day in despair and a low-lying belief in my own incompetence and hopelessness. This kind of confusion happens at all levels to all people and we all have our ways of negotiating it when it happens. But it can still be there while we are driving. It kills my will to live in this world. It kills my will to go to church. It kills my will to go to anything social that I have to look at what I'm wearing. But it can also kill me or someone else. If I am distracted while I'm driving. It can also kill my job if I forget important things. Confusion is catastrophic. The devil thrives on it. The world falls apart by it. Other people misinterpret a confused persons, behavior and responses. Other people often filter that through their own insecurities to a personal offense of some sort. Confusion destroys relationships and human interactions and even simple transactions. Josie's mom was upset about something and slammed her groceries. Anne, the conveyor. The cashier thought it was something about him.

Coontie Koonti Konti Zamia

Bert Charset came to GTM with (his wife) to see John before he retired. John did not answer his office phone or the radio. I opened the old news clipping binders for Bert to leaf through while I found John. They visited in front of my desk, so I took what notes I could from their conversation. John started in Oct 1990 when Randy was ranger. John lived onsite at the time. Bert now lives in St. Augustine South. Bert said the Harrisons are living in Panama last he heard, but he saw them at a Florida birding festival. Bert asked what's been the major changes in the last 10 years? John: lots of biology water research, mangroves, oysters After Bert left, John told me that Bert was the state biologist for Guana River State Park.

I am stepping down as Treasurer of SPVCA. If they cannot find a replacement, they might ask me to do it for pay. I did the math: Hours Monthly +16 [4 hours every Monday] +4 [every month-end Treasury report] +.7 [(2) five-week months each year (8 hours / 12 months = 0.7 hours per month)] +.7 [membership renewals in September (2 hrs/week x 4 weeks / 12 months)] =21.4 [coincides with Ivan's 20-25 hours per month on the Treasury position description] $480 [$20/hour] DON'T DO IT! Glenn and Ron already complain how I do things. They both want accrual accounting but can't explain how to make it happen. I guess it could if they pay $25/month for Quickbooks. It doesn't matter when I am volunteering. It DOES matter if I am a business. I cannot afford to ruin my reputation. Even more, I cannot afford to let my brain be swamped in defensiveness the propels me to spend all my time protecting my reputation. Also, I invariably begin to despise any ongoing commitments because they keep me from my writing. I can't say no because I already committed perpetutally! Just stick with one-off consultations at $50 per hour. DON'T DO IT AMY!!!!

Birds

Learn more at:

iNaturalist

Audubon

All About Birds

Bugs

Hello. My name is Aedes albopictus. You can call me Asian Tiger Mosquito. If you can't rembember that, you are welcome to call me Bug.

Bug. I wear the label proudly. Bugs are a nice family to be in. Some of us decorate the landscape with fancy colors. Many of us carry pollen back and forth to the plants so they can grow their flowers.

I'd rather not be called a pest though. I was born for a greater purpose. I’m here to feed the birds and herps. If you squash me, my life was in vain.

You can help me keep Ponte Vedra nature strong. Just scoot me out to where birds and herps can find me. It also helps if you report your sightings to iNaturalist with the Seek app.
Don't worry. The iNaturalist community will help you pinpoint my true identity.

Do you have a story or a picture to share?
Let me know so can add it to this page.

Fish

Hello. My name is Stellifer lanceolatus. You can call me American Stardrum. If you can't rembember that, you are welcome to call me a fish. I guess.

What is a fish anyway? Those of us with fins and tails swim around showing off our fishness. But why do those weirdo jellyfish try to claim they are fish? And shellfish? They literally walk around or don't go anywhere at all. Why do they call themselves fish?

Regardless, we fish feed the world. Like, everything that has breath, eats fish. We're the best protein there is and proud of it. You can help keep our food production strong by reporting your sightings to iNaturalist with the Seek app.
Don't worry. The iNaturalist community will help you pinpoint my true identity.

You can also help by downloading the Fish Rules app and minding the limits. There are some brilliant minds working hard to make sure our fish communities are protected and nourished.

Do you have a story or a picture to share?
Let Amy know so she can add it to this page.

Herps

Have you seen me? You can learn about me at iNaturalist.

You can help save my Ponte Vedra habitat by reporting your observations with the Seek app.
Don't worry. The iNaturalist community will help you pinpoint my true identity.https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/26159

Do you have a story or a picture to share?
Let me know so can add it to this page.

While at work, I approached the Stewardship Coordinator for the Guana River Marsh Aquatic Preserves, Matt Bernanke. I asked if he knew of any fund that the public can donate to that is specifically earmarked for acquisition of Guana land. He looked into it and said no, but Scott Eastman might have some hints about it.

I approached Matt bernanke in his office at GTM while Susan was covering the front desk as a docent. I asked Matt if he knew of any fund that the public could donate to where the money was specifically earmarked to purchase property contiguous to Guana Reserve. Matt asked me if he knew Ellen if I knew Ellen, Leroy, Reed and I said I knew her briefly before she left. He said she was trying to work on that but Dale is looking in a different direction. I said I knew that. He said he would think about if he could think of any fund like that. Then he approached me a little while later and said he couldn't think of any at all.

Kayla, neighbor works for the North Florida Land trust. She was at GTM for turtle patrol on Saturday. Happened into the break room during my lunch break while Stephanie covered the front desk for me. I asked Caleb if she knew a way to get guana listed as a specific project people could donate for with their donations. Earmarked specifically for purchasing property contiguous to Guana Reserve as it becomes available and also to build a fund that would eventually be enough for her. Peyton to sell The Outpost property to the state. Kala said it was impossible to raise that kind of money but she eventually said she'd look into it. On the down low, she said her and Peyton is a horrible person and she was instructed to not have anything to do with him. But she would get in trouble for saying that.

A black girl attending the GTM TOTES training was wearing a pink tee shirt that said in large print, 'Preach like a girl'. I was intrigued. After the training, she came to the front desk to ask for a GTM sticker. I asked about her shirt. She explained that it came from a conference hosted by her church. I asked what church. She said "Church of God - Anderson". She said she loved it because it exposed her to an event called Christian Women's Connection. She encouraged me to check it out. I asked for her name and number so I might look into it later. She happily obliged. Raja 904-763-9183

Tammy Lampe called GTM to purchase a parking pass ahead of time before she visited from Pennsylvania. She said her mother lived in The Fountains condos in Ponte Vedra. Her mother was very old and offering her condo to Tammy. Tammy said those condos were dilapidated junk and yet charged $735 per month HOA fees. She wanted nothing to do with it. This date is an estimate.

Greg Paumen visited the GTM visitor center and we got to talking about local fish. He said he'd lived in St. Augustine Beach many years was now retired. He had a website where he provided data and pictures of boat launches for fisherman near and far. He was struggling with the tech but not in a hurry. He had a ton of great information, and I wanted to somehow include him on PPV. He wrote his contact information on a piece of paper for me to reach out later. This date is an estimate. Greg Paumen Saltboater.com Saltchef.com 203-470-3143

People started calling GTM to report a large, black dog roaming free along A1A in the GTM reserve. The rangers and other people tried to catch it but it always ran away. This went on for over a week. On 8/2/2025, Jacqueline (Jackie) Pesola called to say she had already spoken with Zach about it and wanted to update him. She or someone she knew had set up a dog food station and trail cam near Mickler's beach. She said the dog showed up and ate the food at 1:00 am. She wanted Zach to know it was already passing the northern boundary of the reserve. Jackie said it is her passion to recover lost dogs. She said she has an extra-large dog crate for the dog. She also knew someone who offered to pay a vet bill and adopt the dog if it got along with their existing dogs. I took Jackie's number and texted the info to Zach. Jackie Pesola 516-652-3227

Melissa (Booth) Baer came to the GTM front desk on a Saturday and asked about Booth Pond. She said her husband grew up hunting the WMA. He said there was a huge pine tree that took four grown men to wrap their arms around it. Those four men were Micklers. You could see the tree from the Intracoastal Waterway. It was in the news. I told Melissa that another Booth descendant had asked me how to find Booth Pond about a year ago. I told her I wrote down his contact information in case anyone else came along. I told her I'd try to find it and get the two of them connected. She wrote her name and number for me on a scrap paper. I can't tell is she is the Booth or her husband.

Tom George visited GTM and we got to talking about artifacts. He said he has a ton because he's been coming to Guana for a long time. He said he was there when they flooded the WMA. He had a wine bottle that oxidized after he exhumed it because it was leaded glass. He gave me his contact information to reach out later. This date is an estimate. Tom George 904-501-4181

What are emotions? Josie asked me that during one of our conversations. We pondered the natural explanation and got nowhere. I decided to write a post about it someday.

This was in my assigned reading for UNIV 1001 Learning Guide Unit 4. It triggered me as vindication for the moment Stephanie turned on me. When I asked why we empty the blue bowls while counting money, her answer wasn't clear to me. The next time I reached that step, I forgot to empty them. She got upset at the result and said everything is all messed up now. I again asked for clarification, and she said, "Just never mind." She huffed and slammed her way through the rest of the task while I sat there confused not knowing what to do next. Blythe asked me, "Are you finished?" I said, "I don't know what's happening right now." Abby snorted and left the room. I followed up by email to Stephanie apologizing and seeking clarification. She pretty much said drop it. Then she wrote a procedure. I think she felt like I called her bluff or something, when I was genuinely just confused. This excerpt gave me great comfort. I want to post it on my desk. "Intelligent people always question and evaluate. This doesn’t mean they don’t trust others; they just need verification of facts to understand a topic well. It doesn’t make sense to learn incomplete or incorrect information about a subject just because you didn’t take the time to evaluate all the sources at your disposal. When early explorers were afraid to sail the world for fear of falling off the edge, they weren’t stupid; they just didn’t have all the necessary data to evaluate the situation." 1. Baldwin, A., August, L., Bennett, J., Mathues, S., Monroe, S., O'Leary, MJ., Pearson, A., Troesh, J., & Watts, M. (2020). College success. OpenStax. Licensed under CC 4.0. https://openstax.org/details/books/college-success

This is a collection of links to send to Viator Tours for my background as a tour guide.

St. Augustine Tour Guide

St. Augustine Historical Society

Haitian-American Historical Society

Black History of St. Augustine

Historical database

St. Johns County Visitor & Convention Bureau

VisitStAugustine.com

 

Process to save SPVCA newsletters to Chronology:

1. Print email to PDF24 compressed.
2. Save email to SSD.
3. Copy printed email text into database.
4. Open newsletter in Google Docs.
5. Copy newsletter text into database.
6. Download newsletter to SSD with before and after file name. (It is already compressed. Should be 1.x MB.)
7. Delete newsletters from Google Drive.
8. Delete email.
9. Repeat for all Gmail.
10. Check for all SPVCA newsletters in database.
11. Add any missing newsletters from SPVCA.NET

Don't add to OneDrive. I can't keep the SPVCA archives updated since I no longer get BOD minutes, etc.

My thermostat allows me to schedule a wake time and a sleep time in a way time in a home time. I have struggled to take advantage of that with temperatures that get cold for me to sleep and hot for me to wake up and snuggly for me to work at the house and save money to not run it while I'm gone. But I am forever adjusting it anyway and also forgetting what it's doing and finding it running when I didn't want it to. 

Today, I really studied the thermostat and learned how to remove all that and just set the temperature for the same behavior permanently. No more multiple sessions throughout the day. Whatever I put it on, it's on. 

A range from 70 to 78. If I'm cold I will dress warm. I sleep great when the temperature is cold at 70°. But I will be cold around the house during the day at that temperature. Nevertheless, I think this one straight temperature without my adjustments is going to save money. 

I am recording this so that I can look back at electric bill and my Honeywell heating report and see if anything changes after this day.

I'm watching the crown on Netflix season 3 episode 4 titled bubbykins. Queen Elizabeth's daughter is chatting with her paternal grandmother who is Greek. She calls her Yaya. That's what I want for my grandmother name.

Yaya. 

 

Listen to the recording. I believe he was mentioned as a major donor to WAC. Is the the same Goodwin that owned part of Guana Reserve at the Gate station?

Pain location

• Left ear
• Left cheekbone 
• Left incisor 

Correlations

• Left root canals
• Left sinus infection
• Left muscle spasms
• Left neck and thumb pain 

Contributors 

• Computer work
• Posture 
• Pulling kayaks